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Abstract(s)
O presente relatório com vista a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas, realizado
no âmbito da unidade curricular Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, é
constituído por dois capítulos: o capítulo I, referente a componente de investigação, consiste
numa revisão bibliográfica que aborda a presença e contaminação de fármacos, particularizando
o caso do 17a-etinilestradiol, nos recursos hídricos e o seu impacto na saúde dos ecossistemas
aquáticos bem como o seu impacto na saúde humana; o capítulo II diz respeito ao relatório de
estágio em farmácia comunitária realizado na Farmácia Alla, situada na cidade de Águeda, sob a
orientação do Doutor Henrique Vieira.
Assim sendo, o capítulo I pretende contextualizar o fármaco 17a-etinilestradiol como disruptor
endócrino. Este composto tem elevado potencial estrogénico, ambientalmente persistente, sendo
possível a sua deteção em recursos hídricos, solos e ainda, em produtos alimentares. Este
composto é normalmente detetado em pequenas concentrações, mas a sua capacidade de
acumulação conjugada com a contínua entrada nos diversos meios ambientais, a que se segue a
incorporação nos organismos, poderá originar potenciais riscos e consequências negativas à
saúde pública, tanto a curto como longo prazo. Outra preocupação relativamente a esta substância
é a sua difícil remoção, já que as técnicas convencionais utilizadas nas estações de tratamento de
águas residuais não são eficazes o suficiente. No entanto, são ainda escassos os estudos na área
da ecotoxicologia que interpretam os efeitos da bioacumulação de fármacos e dos seus
metabolitos e produtos de degradação a longo prazo, bem como os possíveis efeitos sinérgicos da
presença de outras substâncias químicas.
O capítulo II resume a experiência e aprendizagem do estágio curricular realizado na Farmácia
Alla, que decorreu ao longo de cinco meses. Neste capítulo são referenciadas as muitas atividades
e responsabilidades existentes sob alçada do farmacêutico comunitário, o funcionamento geral de
uma farmácia comunitária, melhor compreensão de todo o ciclo do medicamento e outras
temáticas essências relacionadas com a prática farmacêutica. A realização do estágio permitiu a
compreensão do papel do farmacêutico na prática do dia-a-dia, enquanto promotor do uso
racional do medicamento, promovendo desta forma a saúde e prevenindo doenças junto da
comunidade.
This internship report developed within the scope of the curricular unit "Internship of Master's degree in Pharmaceutical sciences". It includes two chapters: chapter I refers to the research component and consists of a bibliographic review that addresses the problematic of environmental contamination with drugs, particularly the case of 17a-ethinylestradiol in water resources and its impact on aquatic ecosystems' life and on human health. Chapter II addresses the internship report in Community Pharmacy at "Farmácia Alla", located in the city of Águeda, under the supervision of Dr. Henrique Vieira. Chapter I intends to contextualize 17a-ethinylestradiol as an endocrine disruptor. This compound has high estrogenic potential and it is environmentally persistent, being detected in water resources, soils and even food products. This compound is usually detected at low concentrations, but its potential for accumulation together with its continuous presence in the environment, followed by incorporation in the organisms, may pose risks and negative consequences to public health, both in the short and long terms. Another concern regarding this substance is its difficult removal, because the conventional techniques used in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are insufficiently effective. However, there are not enough studies in ecotoxicology that interpret the effects of the bioaccumulation of drugs and their long-term metabolites and degradation products, as well as the possible synergistic effects in the presence of other chemical substances. Chapter II describes the experience during the curricular internship at Farmácia Alla, over five intense months. This chapter refers to many activities and responsibilities of the community pharmacist, the general functioning of a community pharmacy, a better understanding of the entire drug cycle and other essential issues related to pharmaceutical practice. The accomplishment of the internship allowed the assimilation of the pharmacist's role in everyday practices. As a promoter of the rational use of medication, thus promoting health and preventing diseases.
This internship report developed within the scope of the curricular unit "Internship of Master's degree in Pharmaceutical sciences". It includes two chapters: chapter I refers to the research component and consists of a bibliographic review that addresses the problematic of environmental contamination with drugs, particularly the case of 17a-ethinylestradiol in water resources and its impact on aquatic ecosystems' life and on human health. Chapter II addresses the internship report in Community Pharmacy at "Farmácia Alla", located in the city of Águeda, under the supervision of Dr. Henrique Vieira. Chapter I intends to contextualize 17a-ethinylestradiol as an endocrine disruptor. This compound has high estrogenic potential and it is environmentally persistent, being detected in water resources, soils and even food products. This compound is usually detected at low concentrations, but its potential for accumulation together with its continuous presence in the environment, followed by incorporation in the organisms, may pose risks and negative consequences to public health, both in the short and long terms. Another concern regarding this substance is its difficult removal, because the conventional techniques used in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are insufficiently effective. However, there are not enough studies in ecotoxicology that interpret the effects of the bioaccumulation of drugs and their long-term metabolites and degradation products, as well as the possible synergistic effects in the presence of other chemical substances. Chapter II describes the experience during the curricular internship at Farmácia Alla, over five intense months. This chapter refers to many activities and responsibilities of the community pharmacist, the general functioning of a community pharmacy, a better understanding of the entire drug cycle and other essential issues related to pharmaceutical practice. The accomplishment of the internship allowed the assimilation of the pharmacist's role in everyday practices. As a promoter of the rational use of medication, thus promoting health and preventing diseases.
Description
Keywords
17a-Etinilestradiol Águas Biota Flora Impacto Saúde Humana