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Abstract(s)
A litíase urinária, também designada por urolitíase, consiste na formação de cálculos ao nível do trato urinário que resultam da aglomeração de cristais presentes numa urina patologicamente supersaturada. Trata-se de uma patologia altamente prevalente a nível mundial, cujas taxas de incidência têm vindo a aumentar exponencialmente. Fato este, que tem especial relevância junto de países ocidentais e industrializados.
É uma patologia multifatorial, resultando da interação complexa entre diferentes fatores de risco, nomeadamente, biológicos, genéticos e ambientais. E é referente a este tópico que mais alterações se têm verificado nos últimos tempos. Fatores dietéticos têm vindo a demonstrar um papel preponderante na modulação da composição da urina e seu risco litogénico associado. Consequentemente a alteração dos hábitos dietéticos e estilos de vida da população têm sido apontados como principais causas de aumento da morbilidade e diminuição da qualidade de vida destes pacientes.
Deste modo, torna-se pertinente o conhecimento integrado dos principais fatores de risco associados a esta patologia, bem como o conhecimento atualizado de estratégias dietéticas e farmacológicas que sejam eficazes face à prevenção da recorrência da mesma.
Urinary lithiasis, also known as urolithiasis, consists in the formation of stone concretions anywhere in the urinary tract, which are usually the result of an agglomeration of crystals present in a pathologically supersaturated urine. It is a highly prevalent disease around the globe, whose incidence rates have been exponentially rising over the last years. This has special relevance in western countries. It is a multifactorial disease that results from the complex interactions between different risk factors, such as genetic, biological and environmental factors. It is precisely this last topic that has been subject to the most developments over the most recent years. Dietary factors have been shown to have a preponderant role in the modulation of urine composition and its associated lithogenic risk. As such, the modification of diet and lifestyle choices have been pointed out as the main causes of both increased morbidity and lower quality of life of these patients. As such, knowledge surrounding the main risk factors associated to this disease aswell as pharmacological and dietary strategies, has become paramount in order to best prevent its onset or its recurrence.
Urinary lithiasis, also known as urolithiasis, consists in the formation of stone concretions anywhere in the urinary tract, which are usually the result of an agglomeration of crystals present in a pathologically supersaturated urine. It is a highly prevalent disease around the globe, whose incidence rates have been exponentially rising over the last years. This has special relevance in western countries. It is a multifactorial disease that results from the complex interactions between different risk factors, such as genetic, biological and environmental factors. It is precisely this last topic that has been subject to the most developments over the most recent years. Dietary factors have been shown to have a preponderant role in the modulation of urine composition and its associated lithogenic risk. As such, the modification of diet and lifestyle choices have been pointed out as the main causes of both increased morbidity and lower quality of life of these patients. As such, knowledge surrounding the main risk factors associated to this disease aswell as pharmacological and dietary strategies, has become paramount in order to best prevent its onset or its recurrence.
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Keywords
Fatores de Risco Urinários Nefrolitíase Recomendações Dietéticas Tratamento Médico. Urolitíase