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Authors
Abstract(s)
A solidão não desejada é um sentimento subjetivo de valência negativa
associado ao facto da pessoa se sentir psicologicamente distante e até isolada das outras
pessoas. A solidão é uma preocupação crescente, com graves implicações negativas ao
nível da saúde mental e física. A compreensão e identificação das dimensões
relacionadas com os sentimentos de solidão é fundamental para o desenho de
estratégias e intervenções para prevenção e/ou redução da solidão. Existem vários
fatores que se relacionam com a solidão, entre os quais o contexto onde se reside. O
objetivo deste estudo é analisar a experiência psicológica da solidão em adultos
residentes em contexto rural e urbano.
Foi desenvolvida uma investigação qualitativa, utilizando um desenho
participativo com a realização de dois grupos focais: um grupo residente em contexto
urbano (N=7) e um grupo residente em contexto rural (N=9). Os dados recolhidos
foram literalmente transcritos e depois submetidos a uma Análise de Conteúdo,
formando temas coerentes.
Os resultados deste estudo indicam que na maioria dos fatores que se
relacionam com a solidão, os grupos estão em concordância quanto à sua influência e
importância na solidão. Contudo, no que se refere às diferentes fases do ciclo de vida,
às fases do ano, ao contexto em que se vive e à perceção de distância, os participantes
divergiram entre si. Nomeadamente ao nível do contexto em que se vive, com os
participantes do contexto rural a apontarem o viver em aldeias como sendo um fator
que aumenta a solidão, assim como, as diferentes fases do ciclo de vida, no qual os
participantes do grupo rural apenas referiram que são os idosos quem sente mais
solidão, ao passo que no grupo urbano foi referido que para além dos idosos, os jovens
também sentem solidão.
Este estudo contribui para a compreensão dos aspetos psicológicos da solidão e
a caracterização de diferenças entre contexto rural e urbano, identificando estratégias
para lidar com a solidão, que podem ser relevantes para o delineamento de
intervenções que possam reduzir o impacto negativo da solidão.
Unwanted loneliness is a subjective feeling of negative valence associated with feeling psychologically distant and even isolated from other people. Loneliness is a growing concern, with serious negative implications for mental and physical health. Understanding and identifying the dimensions related to feelings of loneliness is fundamental to designing strategies and interventions to prevent and/or reduce loneliness. There are several factors related to loneliness, including the context in which one lives. The aim of this study was to analyse the psychological experience of loneliness in adults living in rural and urban areas. Qualitative research was carried out using a participatory design with two focus groups: one group living in an urban setting (N=7) and one group living in a rural setting (N=9). Data from verbatim transcribed focus groups sessions was analyzed to form coherent themes, following the Content Analysis method. The results of this study indicate that in most of the factors related to loneliness, the groups agree upon their influence and importance. However, regarding the different stages of the life cycle, the phases of the year, the context in which one lives and the perception of distance, the participants differed. Particularly in terms of the context in which they live, with participants from the rural context pointing to living in villages as a factor that increases loneliness, as well as the different stages of the life cycle, in which participants from the rural group only mentioned that it is the elderly who feel the most loneliness, while in the urban group it was mentioned that in addition to the elderly, young people also feel loneliness. This study contributes to the understanding of the psychological aspects of loneliness and the characterization of differences between rural and urban contexts, identifying strategies for dealing with loneliness, which may be relevant to the design of interventions that can reduce the negative impact of loneliness.
Unwanted loneliness is a subjective feeling of negative valence associated with feeling psychologically distant and even isolated from other people. Loneliness is a growing concern, with serious negative implications for mental and physical health. Understanding and identifying the dimensions related to feelings of loneliness is fundamental to designing strategies and interventions to prevent and/or reduce loneliness. There are several factors related to loneliness, including the context in which one lives. The aim of this study was to analyse the psychological experience of loneliness in adults living in rural and urban areas. Qualitative research was carried out using a participatory design with two focus groups: one group living in an urban setting (N=7) and one group living in a rural setting (N=9). Data from verbatim transcribed focus groups sessions was analyzed to form coherent themes, following the Content Analysis method. The results of this study indicate that in most of the factors related to loneliness, the groups agree upon their influence and importance. However, regarding the different stages of the life cycle, the phases of the year, the context in which one lives and the perception of distance, the participants differed. Particularly in terms of the context in which they live, with participants from the rural context pointing to living in villages as a factor that increases loneliness, as well as the different stages of the life cycle, in which participants from the rural group only mentioned that it is the elderly who feel the most loneliness, while in the urban group it was mentioned that in addition to the elderly, young people also feel loneliness. This study contributes to the understanding of the psychological aspects of loneliness and the characterization of differences between rural and urban contexts, identifying strategies for dealing with loneliness, which may be relevant to the design of interventions that can reduce the negative impact of loneliness.
Description
Keywords
Contexto Rural Contexto Urbano Experiência Psicológica Solidão