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Abstract(s)
O exercício da profissão farmacêutica caracteriza-se pela sua versatilidade de intervenção, pela
exigência técnico-científica e pela capacidade de integrar o seu conhecimento nas mais diversas
áreas da saúde e da ciência. Estas qualidades profissionais resultam do culminar de uma formação
académica integrada, consistente e, principalmente, multidisciplinar, que capacitam o futuro
profissional de saúde para o exercício da sua atividade nas diversas áreas profissionais, desde a sua
integração em equipas de farmácia hospitalar, de farmácia comunitária como também na sua
contribuição para o progresso da investigação científica, entre outras valências.
O primeiro capítulo deste trabalho aborda a experiência do estágio curricular em farmácia
hospitalar realizado no Centro Hospitalar e Universitário da Cova da Beira, na Covilhã. Esta secção
resume o percurso pelas áreas distintas da farmácia hospitalar, acompanhando de perto o trabalho
do farmacêutico em diferentes pontos do circuito do medicamento, desde o processo de aquisição,
gestão, preparação e distribuição. O exercício da farmácia clínica, a criação de informações de
índole científica, clínica ou, ainda, económica e a posterior partilha com os demais profissionais de
saúde, assumiu-se como uma oportunidade de aprendizagem ímpar em que se denota a
participação ativa do farmacêutico num serviço de saúde que se pretende multidisciplinar.
No segundo capítulo encontram-se descritas as competências e a aprendizagem adquirida no
estágio em farmácia comunitária, realizado na Farmácia Barros, em Pombal. Este capítulo condensa
um período de grande conhecimento, pautado pelos valores transmitidos pela equipa que
acompanhei. A cooperação e a entreajuda profissional, assim como a célere capacidade de
adaptação aos desafios do quotidiano, justificam a qualidade e a competência depositadas nos
serviços que são prestados aos utentes.
As doenças cardio e cerebrovasculares são a principal causa de morte em Portugal e no mundo. Os
diferentes fatores de risco como a dislipidemia, hipertensão, diabetes ou o sedentarismo
concorrem, cada vez mais, para as causas das doenças cardiovasculares, sendo, no entanto, fatores
de risco passíveis de se modificar, na maioria dos casos. É sobre esta intervenção que recai grande
parte da preocupação dos profissionais de saúde, como forma de tentar optar pela prevenção de
complicações que se podem adivinhar bastante graves. O farmacêutico, pela acessibilidade e
proximidade cada vez maior aos doentes, encontra-se posicionado, no serviço de saúde, a um nível
que permite valorizar e reconhecer a importância das suas intervenções neste âmbito. Deste modo,
no terceiro capítulo desta dissertação, apresenta-se uma revisão da literatura que permite avaliar
o impacto da intervenção farmacêutica num dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares, concretamente,
a hipercolesterolemia. Os níveis de colesterol LDL (c-LDL), colesterol total e a adesão dos doentes à terapêutica correspondem aos parâmetros alvo de avaliação por este estudo e em todos a
intervenção do farmacêutico promoveu uma melhoria do perfil clínico. Esta influência positiva
demonstrou ser mais significativa para os níveis de colesterol total e de adesão à terapêutica do
que para os níveis de c-LDL.
Cada vez mais, a intervenção farmacêutica tem sido alvo de avaliação, em diferentes contextos
clínicos, e, à semelhança dos resultados obtidos recentemente, o espetro de intervenções que o
farmacêutico pode integrar tem contribuído para valorizar os diversos impactos positivos que delas
advêm e que beneficiam não só o doente, mas também, outros profissionais e o serviço de saúde,
em geral.
The exercise of the pharmaceutical profession is characterized by its versatility of intervention, by the technical-scientific requirement and the ability to integrate its knowledge in the most diverse areas of health and science. These professional qualities result from an integrated, consistent and, mainly, multidisciplinary academic training, which enablesthe future health professional to practice its activity in a variety of professional areas, since its integration on hospitalar and community pharmacies teams as well as its contribution for the progression of scientific research, among other valences. The first chapter of this work describes all internship experience in Hospitalar Pharmacy which was conducted at Centro Hospitalar e Universitário Cova da Beira, Covilhã. This section summarizes all the experience and knowledge from distinct areas of Hospitalar Pharmacy, closely following pharmaceutical practices at different points of drugs circuit, since acquisition to management, formulation and distribution processes. The exercise of clinical pharmacy englobes obtention of scientific, clinical and economic information and subsequent sharing with other health professionals. In this way, clinical pharmacy is assumed as an important learning opportunity where can be seen pharmacists’ active contribution in a multidisciplinary health service. The second chapter describes the skills and learning acquired at the internship in a Community Pharmacy, perfomed in Farmácia Barros, Pombal. This chapter condenses a period of great knowledge, guided by the values transmitted by all team professionals. Cooperation and mutual aid, as well as the rapid ability to adapt to everyday challenges, justify the quality and competence of the services provided to patients. Cardio and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Portugal and worldwide. Different risk factors such as dyslipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes or a sedentary lifestyle contribute to the main causes of cardiovascular disease, being, however, risk factors that can be modified in most cases. It is about this intervention that is found most of health professional concerns, as a way to try option for prevention of fatal complications. Due to their accessibility and proximity to patients, pharmacists are placed at a level that allows valuing and recognizing the importance of these pharmaceutical interventions. The third chapter of this work aims to evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical interventions on one of the cardiovascular risk factors, hypercholesterolemia, through a systematic revision of randomized controlled trials. In this study, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and medication adherence were the parameters evaluated and in all of them pharmaceutical intervention promoted an improvement in clinical profile. This positive influence proved to be more significant for total cholesterol levels and medication adherence than for LDL cholesterol. Increasingly, pharmaceutical interventions have been an evaluation target, in different clinical contexts, and, similarly to the results obtained recently, interventions spectrum that pharmacists are able to integrate has contributed to recognize several positive impacts that arise from them and whom benefit is not just for patients, but also, for others professionals and health service, in general.
The exercise of the pharmaceutical profession is characterized by its versatility of intervention, by the technical-scientific requirement and the ability to integrate its knowledge in the most diverse areas of health and science. These professional qualities result from an integrated, consistent and, mainly, multidisciplinary academic training, which enablesthe future health professional to practice its activity in a variety of professional areas, since its integration on hospitalar and community pharmacies teams as well as its contribution for the progression of scientific research, among other valences. The first chapter of this work describes all internship experience in Hospitalar Pharmacy which was conducted at Centro Hospitalar e Universitário Cova da Beira, Covilhã. This section summarizes all the experience and knowledge from distinct areas of Hospitalar Pharmacy, closely following pharmaceutical practices at different points of drugs circuit, since acquisition to management, formulation and distribution processes. The exercise of clinical pharmacy englobes obtention of scientific, clinical and economic information and subsequent sharing with other health professionals. In this way, clinical pharmacy is assumed as an important learning opportunity where can be seen pharmacists’ active contribution in a multidisciplinary health service. The second chapter describes the skills and learning acquired at the internship in a Community Pharmacy, perfomed in Farmácia Barros, Pombal. This chapter condenses a period of great knowledge, guided by the values transmitted by all team professionals. Cooperation and mutual aid, as well as the rapid ability to adapt to everyday challenges, justify the quality and competence of the services provided to patients. Cardio and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Portugal and worldwide. Different risk factors such as dyslipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes or a sedentary lifestyle contribute to the main causes of cardiovascular disease, being, however, risk factors that can be modified in most cases. It is about this intervention that is found most of health professional concerns, as a way to try option for prevention of fatal complications. Due to their accessibility and proximity to patients, pharmacists are placed at a level that allows valuing and recognizing the importance of these pharmaceutical interventions. The third chapter of this work aims to evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical interventions on one of the cardiovascular risk factors, hypercholesterolemia, through a systematic revision of randomized controlled trials. In this study, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and medication adherence were the parameters evaluated and in all of them pharmaceutical intervention promoted an improvement in clinical profile. This positive influence proved to be more significant for total cholesterol levels and medication adherence than for LDL cholesterol. Increasingly, pharmaceutical interventions have been an evaluation target, in different clinical contexts, and, similarly to the results obtained recently, interventions spectrum that pharmacists are able to integrate has contributed to recognize several positive impacts that arise from them and whom benefit is not just for patients, but also, for others professionals and health service, in general.
Description
Keywords
Doenças Cardiovasculares Farmácia Clínica Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Hipercolesterolemia Intervenção Farmacêutica