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Abstract(s)
A anisometropia, caracteriza-se pela diferença refrativa interocular superior a 1,00 dioptria (D), embora este valor possa divergir ligeiramente de autor para autor. A sua prevalĂȘncia depende de vĂĄrios fatores, encontrando-se valores diferentes em diferentes ĂĄreas geogrĂĄficas do mundo e em diferentes faixas etĂĄrias. Este estudo pretende estimar a frequĂȘncia da anisometropia aos 5 anos, na regiĂŁo do MĂ©dio Tejo.
Foram rastreadas 2191 crianças nos jardins de infĂąncia dos 13 concelhos pertencentes Ă regiĂŁo do MĂ©dio Tejo entre outubro de 2016 e junho de 2018. As medidas refrativas foram obtidas com o auto-refratĂłmetro pediĂĄtrico portĂĄtil, PlusOptix, em condiçÔes binoculares. ExcluĂram-se os dados das crianças onde nĂŁo foi possĂvel obter medição, quer devido a ametropia superior ao limite de medição do aparelho, ou por outras questĂ”es, como por exemplo falta de cooperação da criança. A amostra final contou com 2131 crianças, das quais 51,71% eram do sexo masculino. A anisometropia foi definida pela diferença, entre os olhos, do equivalente esfĂ©rico e/ou do cilindro para qualquer eixo, = 1.00D.
Encontrou-se uma taxa de 6.85% de anisometropia, com distribuição idĂȘntica entre gĂ©neros. Quanto ao espaço geogrĂĄfico em que a escola que frequentam estĂĄ inserida, verificou-se uma correlação entre o espaço urbano e a anisometropia, sendo a anisometropia de equivalente esfĂ©rico mais frequente no espaço urbano.
Atendendo a que a anisometropia Ă© um fator de risco para a ambliopia, durante o perĂodo de desenvolvimento da criança, a sua deteção precoce e a intervenção adequada Ă© fundamental para prevenir a perda permanente da visĂŁo binocular e da estereopsia.
Anisometropia is characterized by a refractive interocular difference greater than 1.00 dioptre (D), although this value may diverge slightly from author to author. Its prevalence depends on several factors, being different values in different geographical areas of the world and in different age groups. This study intends to estimate the frequency of anisometropia in 5-year-old children in the center of Portugal (MĂ©dio Tejo). A total of 2191 children were screened in the kindergartens of the 13 municipalities belonging to the Middle Tagus region between October 2016 and June 2018. Refractive measures were obtained with the portable pediatric auto refractometer PlusOptix under binocular conditions. Data were excluded from children where it was not possible to obtain measurement, either because of ametropia exceeding the measurement limit of the device or for other issues such as lack of cooperation of the child. The final sample had 2131 children, of which 51.71% were male. Anisometropia was defined as the difference between the eyes, the spherical equivalent and / or the cylinder for any axis, = 1.00D. A rate of 6.85% of anisometropia was found, with an identical distribution between genders. As for the geographic space in which the school they attend is inserted, there was a correlation between urban space and anisometropia, with spherical equivalent anisometropia being more frequent in urban space. Given that anisometropia is a risk factor for amblyopia during early child development, early detection and appropriate intervention is critical to prevent permanent loss of binocular vision and stereopsis.
Anisometropia is characterized by a refractive interocular difference greater than 1.00 dioptre (D), although this value may diverge slightly from author to author. Its prevalence depends on several factors, being different values in different geographical areas of the world and in different age groups. This study intends to estimate the frequency of anisometropia in 5-year-old children in the center of Portugal (MĂ©dio Tejo). A total of 2191 children were screened in the kindergartens of the 13 municipalities belonging to the Middle Tagus region between October 2016 and June 2018. Refractive measures were obtained with the portable pediatric auto refractometer PlusOptix under binocular conditions. Data were excluded from children where it was not possible to obtain measurement, either because of ametropia exceeding the measurement limit of the device or for other issues such as lack of cooperation of the child. The final sample had 2131 children, of which 51.71% were male. Anisometropia was defined as the difference between the eyes, the spherical equivalent and / or the cylinder for any axis, = 1.00D. A rate of 6.85% of anisometropia was found, with an identical distribution between genders. As for the geographic space in which the school they attend is inserted, there was a correlation between urban space and anisometropia, with spherical equivalent anisometropia being more frequent in urban space. Given that anisometropia is a risk factor for amblyopia during early child development, early detection and appropriate intervention is critical to prevent permanent loss of binocular vision and stereopsis.
Description
Keywords
Ambliopia Aniso-Astigmatismo Anisometropia Crianças Erro Refrativo