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Publication
Inovações Terapêuticas para a Doença Renal Crónica: Um Olhar sobre os novos medicamentos
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A doença renal crónica é um problema de saúde crescente a nível mundial,
estando, muitas vezes, interligada com outras doenças crónicas como diabetes mellitus
tipo 2 e hipertensão arterial. Nas últimas décadas, após a descoberta dos bloqueadores
do sistema renina angiotensina, o tratamento desta condição esteve estagnado, até o
surgimento revolucionário dos inibidores do recetor SGLT-2. Para além destes, outras
classes vieram contribuir para complementar o tratamento destes doentes,
nomeadamente os agonistas do recetor GLP-1 e os antagonistas do recetor
mineralocorticoide, mais concretamente a finerenona.
Objetivos: pretende-se com este trabalho realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o
tratamento da DRC, com especial enfoque nas classes farmacológicas mais recentes
usadas para esse efeito como os inibidores do recetor SGLT-2, Agonistas do recetor GLP1 e Antagonistas do Recetor Mineralocorticoide.
Metodologia: foi realizada uma pesquisa na base de dados eletrónica Pubmed®,
considerando apenas artigos escritos em inglês e sem restrições quanto à região e ano de
publicação. A data da última pesquisa foi 10 de abril de 2025. Foram selecionados artigos
sobre a DRC e artigos sobre o tratamento da mesma, nomeadamente os das classes de
fármacos que me propus a analisar.
Previamente à pesquisa, foram definidas as palavras-chave: DRC, Tratamento,
Inibidores do recetor SGLT-2, Agonistas do Recetor GLP-1, Finerenona
Conclusões: A descoberta dos efeitos renoprotetores e introdução destes fármacos na
abordagem dos doentes com doença renal crónica veio melhorar a progressão da doença
e a qualidade de vida destes. No entanto, é necessária mais investigação destas classes
noutras etiologias da doença renal e em doentes com doença mais avançada, que
tendencialmente são menos representados nos ensaios clínicos. Para além disso, há
também estudos em curso que visam avaliar a combinação de alguns destes
medicamentos, podendo o futuro passar por aí e, com a contínua investigação, pelo
surgimento de outras classes farmacológicas
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a growing health problem worldwide and is often linked to other chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure. In recent decades, following the discovery of renin-angiotensin system blockers, treatment for this condition stagnated until the revolutionary emergence of SGLT-2 receptor inhibitors. In addition to these, other classes have contributed to complementing the treatment of these patients, namely GLP-1 receptor agonists and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, more specifically finerenone. Objectives: The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review on the treatment of CKD, with a special focus on the most recent pharmacological classes used for this purpose, such as SGLT-2 receptor inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Methodology: A search was conducted in the Pubmed® electronic database, considering only articles written in English and without restrictions on region and year of publication. The date of the last search was 10 April 2025. Articles on CKD and articles on its treatment were selected, namely those on the classes of drugs I proposed to analyse. Prior to the search, the following keywords were defined: CKD, Treatment, SGLT-2 receptor inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, Finerenone Conclusions: The discovery of the renoprotective effects and introduction of these drugs in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease has improved disease progression and quality of life. However, further research is needed on these classes in other aetiologies of kidney disease and in patients with more advanced disease, who tend to be underrepresented in clinical trials. In addition, there are also ongoing studies aimed at evaluating the combination of some of these drugs, which may be the way forward, and, with continued research, the emergence of other pharmacological classes.
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a growing health problem worldwide and is often linked to other chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure. In recent decades, following the discovery of renin-angiotensin system blockers, treatment for this condition stagnated until the revolutionary emergence of SGLT-2 receptor inhibitors. In addition to these, other classes have contributed to complementing the treatment of these patients, namely GLP-1 receptor agonists and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, more specifically finerenone. Objectives: The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review on the treatment of CKD, with a special focus on the most recent pharmacological classes used for this purpose, such as SGLT-2 receptor inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Methodology: A search was conducted in the Pubmed® electronic database, considering only articles written in English and without restrictions on region and year of publication. The date of the last search was 10 April 2025. Articles on CKD and articles on its treatment were selected, namely those on the classes of drugs I proposed to analyse. Prior to the search, the following keywords were defined: CKD, Treatment, SGLT-2 receptor inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, Finerenone Conclusions: The discovery of the renoprotective effects and introduction of these drugs in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease has improved disease progression and quality of life. However, further research is needed on these classes in other aetiologies of kidney disease and in patients with more advanced disease, who tend to be underrepresented in clinical trials. In addition, there are also ongoing studies aimed at evaluating the combination of some of these drugs, which may be the way forward, and, with continued research, the emergence of other pharmacological classes.
Description
Keywords
Agonistas do Recetor Glp-1 Doença Renal Crónica Finerenona Inibidores do Recetor Sglt-2 Tratamento