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O envelhecimento da população coloca novos desafios à promoção e prestação de cuidados de saúde, particularmente no que se refere à tomada de decisão de pessoas mais velhas. Nestes processos de tomada de decisão interferem variáveis, nomeadamente sintomas psicopatológicos e fatores cognitivos neste processo. Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a capacidade de decisão em saúde, o funcionamento cognitivo e a sintomatologia depressiva e ansiógena em adultos mais velhos, bem como analisar a relação entre estas variáveis e identificar preditores psicossociais relevantes. Participaram no estudo 60 adultos, com idades entre 0s 60 e 85 anos (M= 71.17 anos; DP = 5.96) e sem declínio cognitivo. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos de avaliação: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Instrumento de Avaliação da Capacidade em Saúde (IAC-Saúde), Inventário de Avaliação Funcional de Adultos e Idosos (IAFAI), Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-20) e Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30). Os resultados indicaram que a capacidade de decisão em saúde apresentou correlação estatisticamente significativa com o desempenho cognitivo e não se correlacionou de forma estatisticamente significativa com a sintomatologia depressiva ou ansiosa. Observou-se uma forte associação entre sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa. A regressão linear múltipla indicou que a idade e a sintomatologia depressiva são preditores negativos significativos da capacidade de decisão em saúde. Os resultados sugerem que a tomada de decisão em saúde se encontra relacionada com uma interação de variáveis sociodemográficas, cognitivas e emocionais. Os resultados alertam para a importância de estratégias multidisciplinares e preventivas para a promoção e preservação da capacidade de decisão em saúde, nomeadamente o tratamento de sintomatologia depressiva e promoção do funcionamento cognitivo.
Population aging poses new challenges to the promotion and delivery of healthcare, particularly regarding decision-making among older adults. These decision-making processes are influenced by various factors, including psychopathological symptoms and cognitive variables. The present study aimed to assess health decision-making capacity, cognitive functioning, and depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults, as well as to analyse the relationships among these variables and identify relevant psychosocial predictors. The study included 60 adults aged between 60 and 85 years (M = 71.17; SD = 5.96), all without cognitive decline. The following assessment instruments were used: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Capacity Assessment Instrument-Health (CAI-Health), Adults and Older Adults Functional Assessment Inventory (IAFAI), Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-20), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30). The results indicated that health decision-making capacity showed a statistically significant correlation with cognitive performance and no statistically significant correlation with depressive or anxiety symptoms. A strong association was observed between depressive and anxiety symptoms. Multiple linear regression showed that age and depressive symptoms are significant negative predictors of health decision-making capacity. These findings suggest that health decision-making is influenced by the interaction of sociodemographic, cognitive, and emotional variables. The results highlight the importance of multidisciplinary and preventive strategies to promote and preserve health decision-making capacity, particularly through the treatment of depressive symptomatology and the enhancement of cognitive functioning.
Population aging poses new challenges to the promotion and delivery of healthcare, particularly regarding decision-making among older adults. These decision-making processes are influenced by various factors, including psychopathological symptoms and cognitive variables. The present study aimed to assess health decision-making capacity, cognitive functioning, and depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults, as well as to analyse the relationships among these variables and identify relevant psychosocial predictors. The study included 60 adults aged between 60 and 85 years (M = 71.17; SD = 5.96), all without cognitive decline. The following assessment instruments were used: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Capacity Assessment Instrument-Health (CAI-Health), Adults and Older Adults Functional Assessment Inventory (IAFAI), Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-20), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30). The results indicated that health decision-making capacity showed a statistically significant correlation with cognitive performance and no statistically significant correlation with depressive or anxiety symptoms. A strong association was observed between depressive and anxiety symptoms. Multiple linear regression showed that age and depressive symptoms are significant negative predictors of health decision-making capacity. These findings suggest that health decision-making is influenced by the interaction of sociodemographic, cognitive, and emotional variables. The results highlight the importance of multidisciplinary and preventive strategies to promote and preserve health decision-making capacity, particularly through the treatment of depressive symptomatology and the enhancement of cognitive functioning.
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Adultos Mais Velhos Cognição Sintomatologia
Ansiógena Sintomatologia Depressiva Tomada de Decisão em Saúde
