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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A subida acentuada do preço dos combustíveis fósseis e um planeta cada vez mais verde, são motivos para procurar por novas formas de obtenção de energia aproveitando os recursos inesgotáveis e limpos que o meio ambiente nos oferece. Uma dessas formas, é a implementação de estações de microgeração. Portugal é um país abundante neste tipo de condições, devido aos imensos dias de sol que se tem ao longo de um ano civil.
Em 2007 houve um incentivo fiscal e financeiro para a adopção de unidades de microgeração por parte de pessoas em nome individual como produtores de energia. Nessa altura, houve uma procura sempre crescente desse tipo de investimento, nomeadamente o investimento fotovoltaico. No entanto, com as alterações à lei da microprodução em 2010 e depois em 2013 bem como a actualização anual da taxa remuneratória, houve uma grande queda nesse tipo de investimento.
Esta dissertação tem como objectivo estudar o impacto e verificar o que aconteceu com essas alterações da lei que vieram provocar esse decréscimo de investimento ao longo destes anos. Será assim feita uma avaliação das diferenças da lei existente na altura para a lei vigente actual em 2014 e das taxas remuneratórias, o estado actual da tecnologia das células fotovoltaicas, e posteriormente uma avaliação económico-financeira a sistemas de microgeração solar. O resultado obtido torna possível responder à pergunta se a instalação de microgeração fotovoltaica é ainda um investimento financeiro seguro/rentável para os microprodutores, sendo obtidos gráficos de comparação que ilustram a viabilidade, ou não, das instalações de microgeração fotovoltaica em Portugal.
The sharp rise in the price of fossil fuels and an even greener planet, are motives to find new ways of obtaining energy, enjoying the clean and inexhaustible resources that the environment provides. One of these ways, is the implementation of micro generation stations. Portugal is an abundant country in these type of conditions, due to the vast sunny days all over the year. In 2007 there was a tax and financial incentive for the adoption of micro generation units by private individuals as energy producers. At that time, there was an ever increasing demand for this type of investment, namely the photovoltaic investment. However, with the changes in the micro production law in 2010 and later in 2013, as well as the annual update of the remuneration rate, there was a large decrease in this type of investment. This thesis have has a goal to study the impact and check out what happened to these law changes that have raised the decrease of investment over the years. Thus, it will be made an evaluation of the differences between the law existing at the time and the current law in 2014 and the remuneration rates, the current state of technology of photovoltaic cells, and subsequently an economic-financial evaluation to solar micro generation systems. The result obtained makes possible to answer the question if the installation of photovoltaic micro generation is still an secure/profitable financial investment for micro producers, obtaining comparison graphs that illustrate the viability, or not, of the photovoltaic micro generation installations in Portugal.
The sharp rise in the price of fossil fuels and an even greener planet, are motives to find new ways of obtaining energy, enjoying the clean and inexhaustible resources that the environment provides. One of these ways, is the implementation of micro generation stations. Portugal is an abundant country in these type of conditions, due to the vast sunny days all over the year. In 2007 there was a tax and financial incentive for the adoption of micro generation units by private individuals as energy producers. At that time, there was an ever increasing demand for this type of investment, namely the photovoltaic investment. However, with the changes in the micro production law in 2010 and later in 2013, as well as the annual update of the remuneration rate, there was a large decrease in this type of investment. This thesis have has a goal to study the impact and check out what happened to these law changes that have raised the decrease of investment over the years. Thus, it will be made an evaluation of the differences between the law existing at the time and the current law in 2014 and the remuneration rates, the current state of technology of photovoltaic cells, and subsequently an economic-financial evaluation to solar micro generation systems. The result obtained makes possible to answer the question if the installation of photovoltaic micro generation is still an secure/profitable financial investment for micro producers, obtaining comparison graphs that illustrate the viability, or not, of the photovoltaic micro generation installations in Portugal.
Description
Keywords
Amortização Cash-Flow Investimento Microgeração Payback Produção Anual