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Publication
Impacto do Projeto Intergeracional Aldeias Educadoras na qualidade do sono, estado cognitivo, ansiedade e sintomatologia depressiva
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O envelhecimento é um processo natural e dinâmico marcado por uma
sequência de perdas funcionais experienciadas de forma diferente por cada adulto mais
velho, tornando-os vulneráveis ao isolamento social e ao declínio do bem-estar
emocional. Os programas intergeracionais, como o projeto “Aldeias Educadoras”, surgem
como uma estratégia para promover o envelhecimento ativo, com potencial de melhorar
o bem-estar biopsicossocial dos adultos idosos. Esta investigação visa avaliar o impacto
deste projeto a nível da qualidade do sono, estado cognitivo, depressão e ansiedade dos
sujeitos intervencionados, focando-se na participação social de idosos em atividades
comunitárias e escolares.
Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quasi-experimental com comparação pré e
pós intervenção desenvolvido com 19 participantes, 5 do sexo masculino e 14 do sexo
feminino, com idades entre os 67-83 anos, residentes em meio rural. O programa consistiu
na implementação de sessões na comunidade e na escola, durante 9 meses, onde os
adultos mais velhos partilhavam e exploravam temas sobre a identidade local. Foram
analisados parâmetros médicos e psicológicos, com ênfase na qualidade do sono (avaliada
por uma adaptação do Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh), estado cognitivo
(Mini-Mental State Examination), depressão (Escala de Depressão Geriátrica) e
ansiedade (Inventário Geriátrico de Ansiedade).
Resultados: Os resultados indicaram uma redução significativa nos níveis de depressão
(p<0,001) e ansiedade (p=0,003) após a intervenção, sugerindo um impacto positivo das
atividades intergeracionais e suporte emocional proporcionado aos idosos. No entanto, as
variáveis relacionadas à qualidade do sono (p=0,404) e ao estado cognitivo (p= 0,165)
não apresentaram mudanças estatisticamente significativas.
Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem benefícios decorrentes da participação na intervenção
intergeracional "Aldeias Educadoras" no envelhecimento ativo dos participantes mais
velhos. No entanto, estudos mais aprofundados e metodologicamente mais robustos são
recomendados para fornecer uma visão mais abrangente e compreensiva dos efeitos de
programas intergeracionais, especialmente a nível do estado cognitivo e da qualidade do
sono.
Introduction: Ageing is a natural and dynamic process characterised by a sequence of functional losses experienced differently by each older adult, making them vulnerable to social isolation and a decline in emotional well-being. Intergenerational programmes, such as the "Aldeias Educadoras" project, emerge as a strategy to promote active ageing, with the potential to enhance the biopsychosocial well-being of older adults. This study aims to assess the impact of this project on sleep quality, cognitive status, depression, and anxiety of the participants, focusing on the social participation of older adults in community and school activities. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre- and postintervention comparison, involving 19 participants (5 males and 14 females) aged between 67 and 83 years, residing in rural areas. The programme consisted of implementing sessions within the community and school over nine months, during which older adults shared and explored themes related to local identity. Medical and psychological parameters were analysed, emphasising sleep quality (assessed using an adapted version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), cognitive status (Mini-Mental State Examination), depression (Geriatric Depression Scale), and anxiety (Geriatric Anxiety Inventory). Results: The results showed a significant reduction in levels of depression (p<0.001) and anxiety (p=0.003) after the intervention, suggesting a positive impact of intergenerational activities and the emotional support provided to the elderly. However, variables related to sleep quality (p=0.404) and cognitive status (p=0.165) did not show statistically significant changes. Conclusion: The findings suggest benefits resulting from participation in the intergenerational intervention "Aldeias Educadoras" for the active ageing of older participants. However, further in-depth and methodologically robust studies are recommended to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of intergenerational programmes, particularly regarding cognitive status and sleep quality.
Introduction: Ageing is a natural and dynamic process characterised by a sequence of functional losses experienced differently by each older adult, making them vulnerable to social isolation and a decline in emotional well-being. Intergenerational programmes, such as the "Aldeias Educadoras" project, emerge as a strategy to promote active ageing, with the potential to enhance the biopsychosocial well-being of older adults. This study aims to assess the impact of this project on sleep quality, cognitive status, depression, and anxiety of the participants, focusing on the social participation of older adults in community and school activities. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre- and postintervention comparison, involving 19 participants (5 males and 14 females) aged between 67 and 83 years, residing in rural areas. The programme consisted of implementing sessions within the community and school over nine months, during which older adults shared and explored themes related to local identity. Medical and psychological parameters were analysed, emphasising sleep quality (assessed using an adapted version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), cognitive status (Mini-Mental State Examination), depression (Geriatric Depression Scale), and anxiety (Geriatric Anxiety Inventory). Results: The results showed a significant reduction in levels of depression (p<0.001) and anxiety (p=0.003) after the intervention, suggesting a positive impact of intergenerational activities and the emotional support provided to the elderly. However, variables related to sleep quality (p=0.404) and cognitive status (p=0.165) did not show statistically significant changes. Conclusion: The findings suggest benefits resulting from participation in the intergenerational intervention "Aldeias Educadoras" for the active ageing of older participants. However, further in-depth and methodologically robust studies are recommended to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of intergenerational programmes, particularly regarding cognitive status and sleep quality.
Description
Keywords
Adultos Mais Velhos Aldeias
Educadoras Ansiedade Depressão Isolamento Social Programas Intergeracionais Sono