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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este trabalho está divido em duas partes, em que na primeira são abordados conceitos fundamentais do metabolismo dos glúcidos, lípidos, proteínas e que servirão de base para a compreensão da segunda parte onde é focada a problemática da Síndrome Metabólica (SM) e sua possível prevenção e tratamento com uso da Dieta Cetogénica (DC) em indivíduos obesos. Para o efeito, realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico baseado fundamentalmente em livros de texto de Bioquímica Básica. Na segunda parte, fez-se uma revisão bibliográfica que teve como objetivo pesquisar sobre a potencial eficácia da dieta cetogénica como alternativa para abordagem dietética na SM em indivíduos obesos. Para dar resposta a estes objetivos, a pesquisa foi direcionada com base nas seguintes questões: quais os efeitos da DC em indivíduos obesos com SM; as evidências que demonstraram os benefícios da DC na obesidade e consequente melhoria de outros parâmetros da SM e na qualidade de vida; quais são os principais mecanismos que os autores defenderam para justificar as suas evidências. Vários autores demonstraram o benefício da DC na perda de peso, e a consequente melhoria de outros parâmetros da SM, nomeadamente a diminuição da glicose em jejum, lipoproteínas de baixa densidade e aumento de lipoproteínas de alta densidade que estão relacionadas de forma positiva com a diminuição da prevalência de doenças cardiovasculares. Embora os mecanismos fisiológicos subjacentes ao efeito da DC permaneçam em debate, a redução do apetite e da lipogénese e o aumento da oxidação de ácidos gordos, parecem ser os processos envolvidos neste tipo de dieta. Apesar de não existirem na literatura muitos ensaios clínicos, a DC parece assumir-se como uma abordagem dietética eficaz para a prevenção e tratamento da SM em indivíduos obesos.
This work is divided in two parts. The first part deals with the basic concepts of carbohydrates, lipids and protein metabolism, and will serve as support for understanding the possible mechanism of Ketogenic Diet (KD) to prevent and treat Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in obese subjects. For this purpose, a bibliography search was conducted based fundamentally on Basic Biochemistry textbooks. In the second part, a bibliography review was carried out to investigate the potential efficacy of the KD as an alternative dietary approach to treat MS in obese subjects. The aims of this research were directed to issue of obesity, to demonstrate the benefits of KD in obese subjects and consequent improvement of other parameters of MS and life quality. The mechanism that authors defend to explain their evidences was also addressed. It was found the benefit of KD in weight loss with repercussions on improvement of other parameters of MS, such as decrease of fasting glucose, low density lipoproteins and increase of high density lipoprotein that are positively related to the decrease in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the physiological mechanisms underlying the effect of KD remain in debate, reduced appetite and lipogenesis and increased fatty acid oxidation appear to be the processes involved in this type of diet. Although there are not many clinical trials in the literature, KD seems to be an effective dietary approach for the prevention and treatment of MS in obese individuals.
This work is divided in two parts. The first part deals with the basic concepts of carbohydrates, lipids and protein metabolism, and will serve as support for understanding the possible mechanism of Ketogenic Diet (KD) to prevent and treat Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in obese subjects. For this purpose, a bibliography search was conducted based fundamentally on Basic Biochemistry textbooks. In the second part, a bibliography review was carried out to investigate the potential efficacy of the KD as an alternative dietary approach to treat MS in obese subjects. The aims of this research were directed to issue of obesity, to demonstrate the benefits of KD in obese subjects and consequent improvement of other parameters of MS and life quality. The mechanism that authors defend to explain their evidences was also addressed. It was found the benefit of KD in weight loss with repercussions on improvement of other parameters of MS, such as decrease of fasting glucose, low density lipoproteins and increase of high density lipoprotein that are positively related to the decrease in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the physiological mechanisms underlying the effect of KD remain in debate, reduced appetite and lipogenesis and increased fatty acid oxidation appear to be the processes involved in this type of diet. Although there are not many clinical trials in the literature, KD seems to be an effective dietary approach for the prevention and treatment of MS in obese individuals.
Description
Keywords
Dieta Cetogénica Obesidade Síndrome Metabólica