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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho encontra-se dividido em dois capítulos, sendo cada um deles experienciado durante a cadeira “estágio”, inserida no Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas.
O primeiro capítulo diz respeito à investigação desenvolvida sobre soluções e suspensões manipuladas como alternativas para administração por sonda nasogástrica. A ideia de realizar esta revisão surgiu da vantagem que representa os profissionais de saúde (enfermeiros) terem ao seu alcance medicamentos manipulados em formas farmacêuticas líquidas, previamente preparados, passíveis de serem administrados por sonda. Essa adaptação torna-se vantajosa em relação à manipulação realizada imediatamente antes da administração, particularmente para fármacos perigosos. Como a manipulação de fármacos antineoplásicos representa um risco de exposição para o profissional, sendo por isso realizada por pessoal devidamente habilitado e respeitadas determinadas normas instituídas, a análise foi direcionada para esse grupo farmacoterapêutico e para a sua estabilidade após manipulação. Dos 22 fármacos antineoplásicos estudados, foram recolhidas preparações extemporâneas para 20. Estas correspondem a adaptações (trituração ou dispersão) realizadas por enfermeiros, imediatamente antes da administração para 11 fármacos, dos quais 9 são estáveis após dispersão, trituração ou pulverização das cápsulas ou comprimidos. Para os restantes 9 fármacos as preparações extemporâneas correspondem a fórmulas de medicamentos manipulados. Não foram obtidas fórmulas nem informação que sustente a trituração/ dispersão para 2 fármacos. A informação recolhida pode ser útil aos serviços de saúde permitindo a preparação de manipulados de medicamentos antineoplásicos, nos Serviços Farmacêuticos, e garantindo a segurança dos profissionais de saúde e cuidadores do doente desde a preparação à administração do medicamento. Para os restantes casos, a informação é útil aos enfermeiros na gestão terapêutica de antineoplásicos orais em doentes com dificuldades e deglutição ou com sonda nasogástrica.
O segundo capítulo descreve o estágio em Farmácia Comunitária, onde inclui as atividades que acompanhei e desenvolvi e os conhecimentos que adquiri durante esse período. Período esse que me permitiu sentir que o farmacêutico é um elo de ligação cada vez mais importante entre o utente e o medicamento.
The current work is divided in two chapters, referring to the internship course carried out under the Master’s Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences. The first chapter is about the review that was developed about compounded solutions and suspensions regarded as alternatives for the administration of drugs through nasogastric tube. The idea of making a review came out of the fact that health professionals (nurses) would benefit from accessing compounded medicines, in liquid pharmaceutical forms, previously prepared, that can be administered through nasogastric tube. This adaptation is advantageous when compared to the handling of medicines performed immediately before the administration. Knowing that the handlingof antineoplastic drugs represents a risk of exposure for the professional, therefore being performedonly by qualified people under safety rules, the searchwas directed for that pharmacotheurapeutic group and its stability after compounding. The results reveal that among the 22 antineoplastic medicines that were studied, extemporaneous preparations were collected for 20. For 11 medicines these correspond to adaptations - accomplished by nurses, right before the administration, among which 9 are stable after dispersion, trituration or pulverization of the capsules or pills. For 9 medicines compounded formulas were found. For the remaining 2 medicines no formulas or information about crushing / dispersion were found. This information may be useful for health services since it allows the preparation of antineoplastic compounded medicines, by the pharmacy, assuring the safety of health professionals and caregivers from medicines preparation to administration. For the remaining medicines, the information is useful to nurses while managing oral antineoplastic medication in patients with swallowing problems or nasogastric tube. The second chapter describes the internship course made in a Community Pharmacy, including the activities that I accompanied and developed and all the knowledge I acquired during that period that let me feel that the pharmaceutic is an important connecting link between the user and the medicine.
The current work is divided in two chapters, referring to the internship course carried out under the Master’s Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences. The first chapter is about the review that was developed about compounded solutions and suspensions regarded as alternatives for the administration of drugs through nasogastric tube. The idea of making a review came out of the fact that health professionals (nurses) would benefit from accessing compounded medicines, in liquid pharmaceutical forms, previously prepared, that can be administered through nasogastric tube. This adaptation is advantageous when compared to the handling of medicines performed immediately before the administration. Knowing that the handlingof antineoplastic drugs represents a risk of exposure for the professional, therefore being performedonly by qualified people under safety rules, the searchwas directed for that pharmacotheurapeutic group and its stability after compounding. The results reveal that among the 22 antineoplastic medicines that were studied, extemporaneous preparations were collected for 20. For 11 medicines these correspond to adaptations - accomplished by nurses, right before the administration, among which 9 are stable after dispersion, trituration or pulverization of the capsules or pills. For 9 medicines compounded formulas were found. For the remaining 2 medicines no formulas or information about crushing / dispersion were found. This information may be useful for health services since it allows the preparation of antineoplastic compounded medicines, by the pharmacy, assuring the safety of health professionals and caregivers from medicines preparation to administration. For the remaining medicines, the information is useful to nurses while managing oral antineoplastic medication in patients with swallowing problems or nasogastric tube. The second chapter describes the internship course made in a Community Pharmacy, including the activities that I accompanied and developed and all the knowledge I acquired during that period that let me feel that the pharmaceutic is an important connecting link between the user and the medicine.
Description
Keywords
Adaptação de Medicamentos Antineoplásicos Biodisponibilidade Estabilidade Medicamentos Manipulados Preparações Extemporâneas Sonda Nasogástrica