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Abstract(s)
O conhecimento sobre métodos anticoncecionais pode contribuir para que os indivíduos escolham o método mais adequado ao seu comportamento sexual e às suas condições de saúde, bem como, utilizar o método escolhido de forma correta. Devido ao aumento da atividade sexual na adolescência e à diminuição da idade da primeira relação sexual, o uso de contracetivos para evitar a gravidez indesejada e aborto inseguro é especialmente importante nos países em desenvolvimento. A literatura sobre a sexualidade dos adolescentes em países da África, em particular lusófona, é escassa. Em Angola, não foram encontrados trabalhos, sobre a frequência do uso dos contracetivos orais e do contracetivo oral de emergência em alunas do ensino médio. Pela importância do tema torna-se fundamental a realização de estudos que permitam entender o fenómeno e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de programas mais adequados. Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever, em alunas do ensino médio de Luanda, a frequência do uso dos contracetivos orais e de emergência e avaliar o grau de conhecimento e consequências sobre a sua utilização. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, observacional e de conveniência, em cinco escolas do ensino médio, usando um questionário adaptado ao contexto angolano e de autopreenchimento. Para a construção da base de dados e a análise dos resultados descritivos foi utilizado o programa Epi Info® e os testes qui-quadrado, odds ratio e risco relativo. A população em estudo incluiu 687 alunas com idade média de 17,8 (± 1,96) anos. Metade destas alunas (n: 334; 48,7%) referiu ter tido relações sexuais, sendo a média da idade da primeira relação sexual aos 16,3 (± 1,77) anos. Destas, a grande maioria (n: 269; 80,5%) usou algum método para evitar a gravidez. O método contracetivo mais utilizado foi o preservativo masculino (n: 266; 85,3%). Apenas 72 (10,6%) usam ou alguma vez usaram a pílula anticoncecional, com uma média de idade de início da utilização de 17,9 (± 2,22) anos. O conhecimento sobre como tomar a pílula anticoncecional regularmente e o uso do anticoncecional de emergência é deficiente, nomeadamente no que diz respeito aos efeitos adversos que referem, erroneamente, como sendo o aborto (n: 197; 28,4%) ou a infertilidade (n: 186; 27,1%). Em conclusão, a utilização de métodos anticoncecionais orais é reduzida existindo pouco conhecimento sobre o seu uso correto e os principais efeitos adversos. No entanto, foi demonstrado um grande interesse por parte das inquiridas em ter informações sobre esta temática o que reforça a necessidade de se criar um plano de prevenção e aconselhamento sobre a utilização de contracetivos orais e dos contracetivos orais de emergência.
Knowledge about contraceptive methods can help individuals choose the method best suited to their sexual behavior and health conditions, as well as using their chosen method in the right way. Due to increased sexual activity in adolescence and decreased age at first sexual intercourse, the use of contraceptives to prevent unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion is especially important in developing countries. The literature on adolescent sexuality in African countries, in particular Lusophone, is scarce. In Angola, no studies were found on the frequency of use of oral contraceptives and of the emergency oral contraceptive in high school students. Due to the importance of the theme, it is essential to carry out studies to understand the phenomenon and contribute to the development of more adequate programs. The objectives of this study were: to describe, in high school students in Luanda, the frequency of use of oral and emergency contraceptives and to evaluate the degree of knowledge and consequences on their use. A descriptive, observational and convenience study was carried out in five high schools, using a self-fulfilled questionnaire adapted to the Angolan context. The Epi Info® program was used to construct the database and chi-square, odds ratio and relative risk tests were used to analyze the descriptive results. The study enrolled 687 students with a mean age of 17.8 (± 1.96) years. Half of these students (n = 334, 48.7%) reported having had sexual intercourse, the average age of the first sexual intercourse being 16.3 (± 1.77) years. Of these, the vast majority (n = 269; 80.5%) used some method to avoid pregnancy. The contraceptive method most used was the male condom (n: 266, 85.3%). Only 72 (10.6%) use or have ever used the contraceptive pill, with a mean age of onset of use of 17.9 (± 2.22) years. Knowledge about how to take the contraceptive pill regularly and the use of emergency contraception is poor, particularly with regard to adverse effects that they erroneously refered as abortion (n = 197; 28.4%) or infertility ( N: 186, 27.1%). In conclusion, the use of oral contraceptive methods is reduced with little knowledge about its correct use and the main adverse effects. However, there was a strong interest on the part of the respondents to have information on this topic, which reinforces the need to create a prevention and counseling plan on the use of oral contraceptives and emergency oral contraceptives.
Knowledge about contraceptive methods can help individuals choose the method best suited to their sexual behavior and health conditions, as well as using their chosen method in the right way. Due to increased sexual activity in adolescence and decreased age at first sexual intercourse, the use of contraceptives to prevent unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion is especially important in developing countries. The literature on adolescent sexuality in African countries, in particular Lusophone, is scarce. In Angola, no studies were found on the frequency of use of oral contraceptives and of the emergency oral contraceptive in high school students. Due to the importance of the theme, it is essential to carry out studies to understand the phenomenon and contribute to the development of more adequate programs. The objectives of this study were: to describe, in high school students in Luanda, the frequency of use of oral and emergency contraceptives and to evaluate the degree of knowledge and consequences on their use. A descriptive, observational and convenience study was carried out in five high schools, using a self-fulfilled questionnaire adapted to the Angolan context. The Epi Info® program was used to construct the database and chi-square, odds ratio and relative risk tests were used to analyze the descriptive results. The study enrolled 687 students with a mean age of 17.8 (± 1.96) years. Half of these students (n = 334, 48.7%) reported having had sexual intercourse, the average age of the first sexual intercourse being 16.3 (± 1.77) years. Of these, the vast majority (n = 269; 80.5%) used some method to avoid pregnancy. The contraceptive method most used was the male condom (n: 266, 85.3%). Only 72 (10.6%) use or have ever used the contraceptive pill, with a mean age of onset of use of 17.9 (± 2.22) years. Knowledge about how to take the contraceptive pill regularly and the use of emergency contraception is poor, particularly with regard to adverse effects that they erroneously refered as abortion (n = 197; 28.4%) or infertility ( N: 186, 27.1%). In conclusion, the use of oral contraceptive methods is reduced with little knowledge about its correct use and the main adverse effects. However, there was a strong interest on the part of the respondents to have information on this topic, which reinforces the need to create a prevention and counseling plan on the use of oral contraceptives and emergency oral contraceptives.
Description
Keywords
Contraceção de Emergência Pílula Anticoncecional Pílula do Dia Seguinte