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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente relatório encontra-se dividido em três capítulos, os capítulos I e II incidem sobre
a experiência adquirida da realização do estágio em Farmácia Hospitalar e Farmácia
Comunitária, respetivamente, o capítulo III descreve o trabalho de investigação realizado.
O estágio em farmácia hospitalar foi realizado no Centro Hospitalar Universitário da Cova
da Beira, entre setembro e novembro de 2019. A realização deste estágio permitiu a
obtenção de conhecimentos sobre o funcionamento dos serviços farmacêuticos e papel do
Farmacêutico em ambiente hospitalar, possibilitando o contacto com todas as áreas
inerentes à farmácia hospitalar.
O estágio realizado no âmbito de farmácia comunitária decorreu na Farmácia Moderna, em
Macedo de Cavaleiros, entre novembro de 2019 e janeiro de 2020. O capítulo que lhe está
dedicado descreve o funcionamento da farmácia comunitária e responsabilidades afetas aos
Farmacêuticos, com as quais pude lidar diariamente, consolidando conhecimentos.
O trabalho de investigação consistiu numa revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de identificar
que fatores contribuem para que a administração intranasal, recorrendo a nanossistemas,
sob a forma de emulsão, seja uma estratégia de sucesso na veiculação de fármacos
convencionais ao cérebro, em modelos pré-clínicos, quando comparada à administração
intravenosa ou a uma solução intranasal. A avaliação da administração intranasal, com o
objetivo de alcançar o cérebro, tem sido alvo de crescente interesse dada a necessidade de
obtenção de formas de administração que se demonstrem eficientes no tratamento de
doenças afetas ao sistema nervoso central. Os dados recolhidos foram analisados quanto a
parâmetros de avaliação da eficiência do direcionamento e acumulação no cérebro. A
administração intranasal de micro ou nanoemulsões, quando comparados a uma
administração intravenosa, seja ela utilizando o mesmo nanossistema ou uma solução, ou
ainda à administração intranasal de uma solução, revelou resultados promissores. Este
trabalho realça também as vantagens da utilização de formulações com características
mucoadesivas.
The present report is divided into three chapters. The first two – I and II – focus on the experience acquired through an internship in Hospital Pharmacy and Community Pharmacy, respectively, and chapter III describes the research work undertaken. The internship in Hospital Pharmacy was carried out at “Centro Hospitalar Universitário da Cova da Beira”, between September and November 2019. Completing this internship allowed me to learn about the functioning of the pharmaceutical services and the role of the Pharmacist in the hospital environment, permitting contact with all areas inherent to the hospital pharmacy. In the second chapter, it is described the internship in the scope of Community Pharmacy, at “Farmácia Moderna”, in Macedo de Cavaleiros, between November 2019 and January 2020. This chapter reports the functioning of the community pharmacy and the responsibilities related to Pharmacists, with which I was able to communicate daily, consolidating knowledge. The research work consisted of a bibliographic review with the aim of identifying which factors contribute for the intranasal administration, using nanosystems in the form of emulsion, to be a successful strategy for delivery to the brain, in pre-clinical models, when compared intravenous administration or an intranasal solution. The assessment of intranasal administration, with the aim of reaching the brain, has been the subject of growing interest given the need to obtain forms of administration that prove to be efficient in the treatment of diseases affecting the central nervous system. The collected data were analysed by applying parameters evaluating the targeting and accumulation in the brain. The intranasal administration of micro or nanoemulsions, when compared to an intravenous administration, whether using the same nanosystem or a solution, or even the intranasal administration of a solution, has shown promising results. This work also highlights the advantages of using formulations with mucoadhesive characteristics.
The present report is divided into three chapters. The first two – I and II – focus on the experience acquired through an internship in Hospital Pharmacy and Community Pharmacy, respectively, and chapter III describes the research work undertaken. The internship in Hospital Pharmacy was carried out at “Centro Hospitalar Universitário da Cova da Beira”, between September and November 2019. Completing this internship allowed me to learn about the functioning of the pharmaceutical services and the role of the Pharmacist in the hospital environment, permitting contact with all areas inherent to the hospital pharmacy. In the second chapter, it is described the internship in the scope of Community Pharmacy, at “Farmácia Moderna”, in Macedo de Cavaleiros, between November 2019 and January 2020. This chapter reports the functioning of the community pharmacy and the responsibilities related to Pharmacists, with which I was able to communicate daily, consolidating knowledge. The research work consisted of a bibliographic review with the aim of identifying which factors contribute for the intranasal administration, using nanosystems in the form of emulsion, to be a successful strategy for delivery to the brain, in pre-clinical models, when compared intravenous administration or an intranasal solution. The assessment of intranasal administration, with the aim of reaching the brain, has been the subject of growing interest given the need to obtain forms of administration that prove to be efficient in the treatment of diseases affecting the central nervous system. The collected data were analysed by applying parameters evaluating the targeting and accumulation in the brain. The intranasal administration of micro or nanoemulsions, when compared to an intravenous administration, whether using the same nanosystem or a solution, or even the intranasal administration of a solution, has shown promising results. This work also highlights the advantages of using formulations with mucoadhesive characteristics.
Description
Keywords
Administração Intranasal Cérebro Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Microemulsão Nanoemulsão Nanossistema