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Abstract(s)
Nos tempos de hoje existe uma maior consciencialização no que diz respeito à fragilidade
ambiental e respetivas fontes prejudiciais. A área têxtil é uma das indústrias mais poluidoras a
nível mundial. Com este facto em foco, surgiu este trabalho em que se aliou a área têxtil à
biotecnologia, para produzir um processo de tingimento mais ecológico e sustentável,
simultaneamente eficiente que permita satisfazer as necessidades impostas pela população
mundial.
Com a preocupação ecológica surgiu uma maior apreensão com os corantes sintéticos,
considerados tóxicos tanto para o Homem como para o ambiente, e voltou a emergir a
investigação na área dos pigmentos naturais. Estes podem ser de origem vegetal, mineral,
animal e microbial, e tendo em conta o balanceamento de vantagens e desvantagens de todas
as classes, os pigmentos microbianos ganham a preferência, principalmente os bacterianos.
A realização do presente estudo serviu para investigar a capacidade tintorial do extrato bruto
de prodigiosina, produzido por S.plymuthica, de uma forma ecológica. Avaliou-se a influência
de diferentes parâmetros experimentais (temperatura de tingimento; adição de auxiliares;
adição de mordentes e pH) e também a interação do pigmento com diferentes fibras (acetato,
algodão, poliamida, poliéster, acrílica e lã), com base na leitura espetrofotométrica das cores
obtidas, pelos valores de intensidade colorística (K/S) e pelos valores de igualização (dE)
correspondentes. Em fases posteriores, na produção de um tingimento otimizado,
caracterizaram-se as cores obtidas nas diferentes fibras, através das coordenadas CIELab;
avaliaram-se as propriedades de solidez com base na lavagem doméstica e industrial, na fricção
a seco e a húmido e à luz; determinou-se a resistência à abrasão segundo o método de
Martindale; avaliou-se, ainda, a tensão e o alongamento de rutura e finalmente a atividade
antibacteriana, em virtude das conhecidas propriedades bioativas do pigmento utilizado.
A otimização dos parâmetros tintoriais resultou nas condições ideais para poliamida, com a
temperatura de tingimento a 60ºC, mordentagem com um bio-mordente como a L-Cysteína (LCys) a 3% e com a solubilização parcial da prodigiosina em etanol. O uso deste extrato bruto de
pigmento bacteriano exibiu resultados muito positivos e vantajosos em relação aos corantes
sintéticos e à prodigiosina extremamente purificada, resultando numa estratégia
potencialmente mais ecológica para o tingimento destas fibras.
Nowadays, there is a heightened awareness of environmental fragility and its respective sources. The textile area is one of the most polluting industries in the world. In this focus, this work arises to emphasize the importance of biotechnology in the textile industry, namely by developing an efficient and ecological dyeing process and consequently to better attend the world population's demands. Concerning this, natural pigments are coming back as an alternative to the synthetic dyes, which are considered toxic to both man and environment. These pigments may be obtained from plants, minerals, animals, and microorganisms. However, bacterial pigments are gained special attention due to their advantages and disadvantages balance out. So, the present study explores the dyeing ability of the crude extract of prodigiosin ecologically produced by S. plymuthica. Different experimental parameters (temperature, dyeing auxiliaries, mordants addition, and pH) and also the interaction of this pigment with different fibers (acetate, cotton, polyamide, polyester, acrylic, and wool) were studied based on the spectrophotometric reading of the pigment’s colors from K/S values, and respectively dE. Afterward, in the production of optimized dyeing, the colors obtained in the different fibers were characterized through CIELab coordinates; the fastness properties of the samples were assessed based on domestic and industrial washing, dry and wet friction, and to light, while the abrasion resistance was determined according to the Martindale method. Also, the strain and elongation at break of the samples were determined, and finally the antibacterial activity, due to the known bioactive properties of the pigment used. The optimum dyeing was achieved using polyamide at 60ºC, and adding a biomordant like L-Cys at 3%(w/w). The partial solubilization of the prodigiosin in ethanol was also beneficial and fundamental in the dyeing process. Therefore, the use of this crude bacterial pigment extract exhibits very positive and advantageous results over the synthetic dyes and purified prodigiosin, resulting in a potentially greener strategy for dyeing these fibers.
Nowadays, there is a heightened awareness of environmental fragility and its respective sources. The textile area is one of the most polluting industries in the world. In this focus, this work arises to emphasize the importance of biotechnology in the textile industry, namely by developing an efficient and ecological dyeing process and consequently to better attend the world population's demands. Concerning this, natural pigments are coming back as an alternative to the synthetic dyes, which are considered toxic to both man and environment. These pigments may be obtained from plants, minerals, animals, and microorganisms. However, bacterial pigments are gained special attention due to their advantages and disadvantages balance out. So, the present study explores the dyeing ability of the crude extract of prodigiosin ecologically produced by S. plymuthica. Different experimental parameters (temperature, dyeing auxiliaries, mordants addition, and pH) and also the interaction of this pigment with different fibers (acetate, cotton, polyamide, polyester, acrylic, and wool) were studied based on the spectrophotometric reading of the pigment’s colors from K/S values, and respectively dE. Afterward, in the production of optimized dyeing, the colors obtained in the different fibers were characterized through CIELab coordinates; the fastness properties of the samples were assessed based on domestic and industrial washing, dry and wet friction, and to light, while the abrasion resistance was determined according to the Martindale method. Also, the strain and elongation at break of the samples were determined, and finally the antibacterial activity, due to the known bioactive properties of the pigment used. The optimum dyeing was achieved using polyamide at 60ºC, and adding a biomordant like L-Cys at 3%(w/w). The partial solubilization of the prodigiosin in ethanol was also beneficial and fundamental in the dyeing process. Therefore, the use of this crude bacterial pigment extract exhibits very positive and advantageous results over the synthetic dyes and purified prodigiosin, resulting in a potentially greener strategy for dyeing these fibers.
Description
Keywords
Biomordente Pigmentos Bacterianos Poliamida Prodigiosina Tingimento Natural Tingimento Têxtil