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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação encontra-se dividida em três capítulos.
O primeiro capítulo refere-se à investigação desenvolvida no âmbito da avaliação do
grau de sensibilização dos profissionais de saúde para a problemática da infeção congénita
pelo citomegalovírus humano (CMV).
O CMV é considerado o principal agente de infeção congénita nos países
desenvolvidos, afetando de 0,2 a 2,2% de todos os recém-nascidos. Em Portugal estima-se que
aproximadamente 1% dos recém-nascidos estarão infetados por este vírus. Das crianças
infetadas durante a gestação, 10% a 15% irão apresentar sintomas graves á nascença, como
diminuição da acuidade auditiva, microcefalia, calcificações intracranianas, podendo mesmo
provocar a morte. Apesar da percentagem de sequelas ser menor nos recém-nascidos
assintomáticos (8 a 15%), estas podem aparecer mais tarde, passando despercebidas no
período neonatal.
A natureza habitualmente assintomática desta infeção, bem como a gravidade de
alguns quadros clínicos e sequelas que dela podem resultar, levam a que a infeção
citomegálica seja atualmente considerada um problema de saúde pública.
Vários estudos indicam que a maioria dos profissionais de saúde não se encontra
devidamente informada acerca das manifestações clínicas e dos efeitos a longo prazo
causados por esta infeção, assim como subvaloriza a sua prevalência na população.
Neste sentido, a investigação que foi realizada pretendeu avaliar a sensibilização dos
profissionais de saúde no Centro Hospitalar da Cova da Beira – E.P.E. e no Centro Hospitalar S.
João - E.P.E., para esta problemática. Desta forma foram inquiridos 225 profissionais, dos
quais 94 contatam diariamente com grávidas e recém-nascidos.
O segundo capítulo diz respeito ao estágio realizado nos Serviços Farmacêuticos
Hospitalares (SFH) do Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho – E.P.E, que decorreu no
período de 3 de fevereiro a 28 de março de 2014. O presente relatório pretende resumir os
conhecimentos e competências aqui adquiridas, principalmente ao nível da organização e
funcionamento dos SFH.
O terceiro e último capítulo diz respeito à experiência profissionalizante na vertente
da Farmácia Comunitária, realizada na Farmácia Beleza, de 1 de abril a 20 de junho de 2014.
Neste capítulo encontram-se descritas as atividades desenvolvidas no decorrer do estágio,
bem como os conhecimentos adquiridos ao nível da gestão, enquadramento legal e atividade
farmacêutica.
This dissertation is divided into three chapters. The first chapter concerns the research undertaken in assessing the level of awareness among health professionals about the problems of congenital infection by human cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV is considered to be the main agent of congenital infection in developed countries, affecting 0.2 to 2.2% of all newborns. In Portugal it is estimated that approximately 1% of newborns are infected by cytomegalovirus. Of these infected during the gestational period, 10% to 15% will have severe symptoms at birth, such as hearing loss, microcephaly, intracranial calcifications, and may even lead to death. Although the percentage of sequels being lower in asymptomatic newborns (8 to 15%), these may show up later, going unnoticed in the neonatal period. CMV is a currently public health problem because this infection is usually asymptomatic and sometimes causes severe clinical manifestations and sequels. Several studies indicate that the majority of health professionals have not been properly informed of the clinical signs and the long-term effects caused by this infection, as well as underestimating its prevalence in the population. This research intends to evaluate the awareness of the health professionals at the “Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira – E.P.E.” as well as at the “Centro Hospitalar S. João - E.P.E.”, in relation to this problem. To make this possible, 225 health professionals answered the inquest and of these, 94 have daily contact with pregnant women and newborns. The second chapter concerns the internship at the Hospital Pharmaceutical Services (SFH), which took place at the “Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho – E.P.E.”, from the 3rd of February to the 28th of March 2014. This report aims to summarize the knowledge and skills acquired, especially in the organization and operation of the SFH. The third and final chapter relates to the internship at a community pharmacy called “Farmácia Beleza”, from the 1st of April to the 20th of June 2014. This chapter describes the activities that were undertaken, as well as the acquired knowledge in management, legal and pharmaceutical roles.
This dissertation is divided into three chapters. The first chapter concerns the research undertaken in assessing the level of awareness among health professionals about the problems of congenital infection by human cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV is considered to be the main agent of congenital infection in developed countries, affecting 0.2 to 2.2% of all newborns. In Portugal it is estimated that approximately 1% of newborns are infected by cytomegalovirus. Of these infected during the gestational period, 10% to 15% will have severe symptoms at birth, such as hearing loss, microcephaly, intracranial calcifications, and may even lead to death. Although the percentage of sequels being lower in asymptomatic newborns (8 to 15%), these may show up later, going unnoticed in the neonatal period. CMV is a currently public health problem because this infection is usually asymptomatic and sometimes causes severe clinical manifestations and sequels. Several studies indicate that the majority of health professionals have not been properly informed of the clinical signs and the long-term effects caused by this infection, as well as underestimating its prevalence in the population. This research intends to evaluate the awareness of the health professionals at the “Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira – E.P.E.” as well as at the “Centro Hospitalar S. João - E.P.E.”, in relation to this problem. To make this possible, 225 health professionals answered the inquest and of these, 94 have daily contact with pregnant women and newborns. The second chapter concerns the internship at the Hospital Pharmaceutical Services (SFH), which took place at the “Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho – E.P.E.”, from the 3rd of February to the 28th of March 2014. This report aims to summarize the knowledge and skills acquired, especially in the organization and operation of the SFH. The third and final chapter relates to the internship at a community pharmacy called “Farmácia Beleza”, from the 1st of April to the 20th of June 2014. This chapter describes the activities that were undertaken, as well as the acquired knowledge in management, legal and pharmaceutical roles.
Description
Keywords
Citomegalovírus Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Infeção Congénita Profissionais de Saúde