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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O movimento independentista da Catalunha aporta ao Sistema Internacional diversos
debates acerca das motivações e fatores que os movimentos separatistas invocam para se
autoafirmarem como independentes. Para além da vontade popular e do fator identitário
que alegadamente subjaz ao movimento, há que ter em consideração o reconhecimento
internacional para tal, e no caso da Catalunha, o reconhecimento da União Europeia, e a
negociação/rutura com o estado espanhol.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar de forma documental o enquadramento
histórico, jurídico e político da região da Catalunha face ao Reino de Espanha e à sua
Constituição, e as causas subjacentes ao retorno do movimento independentista da
Catalunha, que resultaram num referendo realizado na região em 2017, favorável à
secessão da Catalunha do estado-nação a que pertence, e como este movimento suscita
debates no plano internacional.
O referendo catalão, a sua natureza e contexto, a forma como foi levado a efeito e o
impacto que provocou em Espanha, releva como objeto de estudo pela sua singularidade e
alcance e pelas consequências jurídico-políticas para a estrutura territorial de Espanha,
pois desde o referendo que o país vive em grande instabilidade política, e as eleições tanto
para o Parlamento Nacional e Regional, como para as Europeias deixaram patente a
polarização na sociedade relativamente ao futuro do estado autonómico, agravada ainda
com a crise económica decorrente da pandemia
O referendo teve como corolário reafirmar o apoio popular à causa separatista e trazer á
tona, o debate acerca da independencia Catalã principalmente no quadro dos novos
patidos politicos, e ao futuro da Catalunha enquanto parte integrante ou não, de um
estado de direito membro da EU, e deixar em aberto a tensão manifesta entre o
nacionalismo catalão e espanhol.
The Catalan independence movement brings to the International System several debates about how separatist movements depend on various issues to stand out as independent. In addition to popular will and the identity element that allegedly underlies the movement,, there is the international recognition position, as well as, in the case of Catalonia, the recognition by the European Union, and the negotiation/rupture with the Spanish state. This dissertation aims to document the historical, legal and political framework of the Catalonia region vis-à-vis the Kingdom of Spain and its Constitution, and the causes underlying the return of Catalonia's independence movement, which resulted in a referendum held in the region in 2017, in favor of the secession of Catalonia from the nation-state to which it belongs, and how this movement raises international debates. The Catalan referendum, its nature and context, the way it was carried out and the impact it has had on Spain, is an object of study for its uniqueness and scope and the legalpolitical consequences for the territorial structure of Spain, since the referendum that the country is experiencing great political instability and the elections for both the National and Regional Parliament and the Europeans have made clear the polarization in society regarding the future of the autonomic state, aggravated by the economic crisis resulting from the pandemic. The referendum was corollary to reaffirm popular support for the separatist cause and bring to light, the debate about Catalan independence mainly in the framework of the new political patidos, and the future of Catalonia as an integral or not part of an EU rule of law, and to leave open the tension manifested between Catalan and Spanish nationalism.
The Catalan independence movement brings to the International System several debates about how separatist movements depend on various issues to stand out as independent. In addition to popular will and the identity element that allegedly underlies the movement,, there is the international recognition position, as well as, in the case of Catalonia, the recognition by the European Union, and the negotiation/rupture with the Spanish state. This dissertation aims to document the historical, legal and political framework of the Catalonia region vis-à-vis the Kingdom of Spain and its Constitution, and the causes underlying the return of Catalonia's independence movement, which resulted in a referendum held in the region in 2017, in favor of the secession of Catalonia from the nation-state to which it belongs, and how this movement raises international debates. The Catalan referendum, its nature and context, the way it was carried out and the impact it has had on Spain, is an object of study for its uniqueness and scope and the legalpolitical consequences for the territorial structure of Spain, since the referendum that the country is experiencing great political instability and the elections for both the National and Regional Parliament and the Europeans have made clear the polarization in society regarding the future of the autonomic state, aggravated by the economic crisis resulting from the pandemic. The referendum was corollary to reaffirm popular support for the separatist cause and bring to light, the debate about Catalan independence mainly in the framework of the new political patidos, and the future of Catalonia as an integral or not part of an EU rule of law, and to leave open the tension manifested between Catalan and Spanish nationalism.
Description
Keywords
Autodeterminação Estado-Nação Identidade Independentismo Nacionalismo Referendo