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Abstract(s)
A complexidade da área das Relações Internacionais cria gradualmente renovadas dinâmicas teóricas e práticas para abordar os desafios colocados através das relações entre os atores internacionais. Seria uma observação utópica não vislumbrar o Sistema Internacional como uma estrutura anárquica caracterizada por processos constantes de mutação e imprevisibilidade que progressivamente, assente em bases teóricas, são moldados numa tentativa ideal de aproximação a uma dinâmica reguladora. Essa transposição para uma matriz capacitada em regular o Sistema Internacional assume-se como uma transição crítica, da conceção do Estado Vestefaliano, à construção dos primeiros modelos cooperativos, como a elaboração da Sociedade das Nações e posteriormente as Nações Unidas.
A Organização das Nações Unidas surge nessa perspetiva como um mecanismo de regulação do Sistema Internacional, numa linha temporal marcada pela recuperação do idealismo liberal, e pela emergência de novas dinâmicas multidimensionais, que compeliam as Nações Unidas a assumir a tutela da Governança Global, cooperativa e participativa. Depois de setenta anos da sua criação, terão as Nações Unidas acompanhado as necessidades do Sistema Internacional? Que dinâmicas devem ser implantadas no processo de reforma das Nações Unidas para a estruturação de uma Governança Global efetiva?
Esta investigação procura elucidar a evolução deste Organismo, concentrando-se nas dinâmicas endógenas e exógenas que conduziram a uma reconfiguração do multilateralismo e simultaneamente apresentar sugestões de reforma da organização com vista à Governança Global.
Partindo do Idealismo Wilsoniano para a discussão epistemológica em torno da governança global, é discutida a transferência do poder e legitimidade do Estado para uma estrutura de interdependência na configuração funcional da Governança Global. Conclui-se que a Organização das Nações Unidas apresenta, ainda, algumas fragilidades num Sistema Internacional cada vez mais complexo, colocando em evidência a necessidade de adotar reformas para responder a essa complexidade.
The complexity of the International Relations area gradually creates renewed theoretical dynamics and pratices to adress the historical challenges between the relations of international actors. It would be an utopian observation not to envision the International System as an anarchic structure characterized by a constant process of change and imprevisibility that progressively, based on theoretical grounds, are molded in a ideal attempt to get closer to regulatory dynamics. This transposition to a capable matrix in regulating the International System is assumed as a critical transition, of the conception of the Westphalian State, the construction of the first cooperative models, and the development of the League of Nations, and then the United Nations. The United Nations appears in this perspective as a mecanism for the regulation of the relations between the various actors in the International System, in a timeline marked by the recover of liberal idealism, and the emergence of new multidimensional dynamics, which forced the United Nations to assume the protection of Global Governance, cooperative and participatory. After seventy years of its creation have the United Nations have followed the requirements of the International System? What dynamics should be implanted in the reform process of United Nations to structuring an effective Global Governance? From the Wilsonian Idealism to the epistemological discussion of global governance is discussed the transfer of power and legitimacy of the state to an interdependent structure in the functional configuration of Global Governance. It can be concluded that the United Nations still presents some weakness in an international system increasingly complex, putting in evidence the need of the United Nations to adopt reforms to respond to that complexity.
The complexity of the International Relations area gradually creates renewed theoretical dynamics and pratices to adress the historical challenges between the relations of international actors. It would be an utopian observation not to envision the International System as an anarchic structure characterized by a constant process of change and imprevisibility that progressively, based on theoretical grounds, are molded in a ideal attempt to get closer to regulatory dynamics. This transposition to a capable matrix in regulating the International System is assumed as a critical transition, of the conception of the Westphalian State, the construction of the first cooperative models, and the development of the League of Nations, and then the United Nations. The United Nations appears in this perspective as a mecanism for the regulation of the relations between the various actors in the International System, in a timeline marked by the recover of liberal idealism, and the emergence of new multidimensional dynamics, which forced the United Nations to assume the protection of Global Governance, cooperative and participatory. After seventy years of its creation have the United Nations have followed the requirements of the International System? What dynamics should be implanted in the reform process of United Nations to structuring an effective Global Governance? From the Wilsonian Idealism to the epistemological discussion of global governance is discussed the transfer of power and legitimacy of the state to an interdependent structure in the functional configuration of Global Governance. It can be concluded that the United Nations still presents some weakness in an international system increasingly complex, putting in evidence the need of the United Nations to adopt reforms to respond to that complexity.
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Keywords
Estado Governança Global Idealismo Liberal. Nações Unidas