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Níveis de aptidão física, saúde e obesidade infantil: estudo comparativo de crianças do meio urbano e rural do 1º ciclo
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Objectivo geral: O objectivo deste trabalho passa por conhecer os níveis de aptidão física e o seu grau de associação relativamente aos meios urbano e rural em crianças do 1º ciclo. Metodologia: A amostra é constituída por seis escolas do 1º ciclo do ensino básico do Concelho do Fundão: A escola Santa Teresinha (escola central), Valverde, Fatela, Enxames, Alcaria e Peroviseu (escolas periféricas). A amostra foi seleccionada de modo a termos um determinado número de alunos de uma zona mais periférica e outra numa zona mais central da cidade. O total da amostra, é representada por 161 alunos, 76 são do sexo feminino e 85 do sexo masculino, estes têm idades compreendidas entre os 6 e os 10 anos, sendo 85 provenientes do meio urbano e 76 provenientes do meio rural. A análise da aptidão física teve como referência a bateria de bateria Prudential Fitnessgram (2002). A classificação das áreas urbanas e rurais teve como base o INE (1996). Resultados: Em função dos resultados obtidos na antropometria evidencia-se que os rapazes e as raparigas do meio rural são mais pesados e mais altos que os rapazes e raparigas do meio urbano. Relativamente ao IMC e MG, é o meio rural masculino a obter um maior número de alunos na zona do saudável, quanto às raparigas, é o meio urbano a ter mais alunas nessa zona, verificamos também, que existe uma grande % de alunas do meio rural na zona da magreza. Na diferenciação entre géneros são os rapazes a ter melhores resultados nos níveis de aptidão física e obesidade, quanto à influência do meio são evidentes melhores resultados no meio urbano face ao meio rural. O nosso estudo revela que existem diferenças significativas na aplicação dos testes de aptidão física em dois momentos diferentes. Conclusões: Após a análise e interpretação dos resultados concluímos que: os rapazes e as raparigas do meio rural mais altos e pesados que os do meio urbano e apresentam um índice de massa corporal inferior. Na determinação da percentagem de sujeitos classificados na “zona saudável”, os valores do IMC dos rapazes do meio rural na zona saudável são superiores aos rapazes do meio urbano. Quanto às raparigas, tanto as do meio urbano como rural têm praticamente a mesma % na zona do saudável. No que se refere à massa gorda é o meio rural masculino que possui mais alunos na zona saudável. Quanto às raparigas, são as do meio urbano a ter melhores resultados nas três zonas, sendo a do saudável a obter maior % de raparigas, Na relação entre géneros são os rapazes a ter melhores resultados nos níveis de aptidão física e obesidade. Na relação entre meios, é o meio urbano a apresentar melhores resultados. A existência de dois momentos de análise permite-nos verificar que há uma melhoria em todos os testes.
Background: this work is aimed at knowing the level of physical aptitude and its degree of association, regarding an urban and a rural area, in children from the primary education schools. Methodology:the sample consisted of six schools from the primary education of the county of Fundão: Santa Teresinha school (a central school), and the schools of Valverde, Fatela, Enxames, Alcaria and Peroviseu (peripheral schools). The sample has been selected in order to have a certain number of pupils from a peripheral area and another one from a central area of the city. The total sample is represented by 161 pupils, 76 are female and 85 are male and they are aged between 6 and 10. 85 come from an urban area and 76 come from a rural area. The analysis of the physical aptitude had as a reference the battery Prudential Fitnessgram (2002). Urban and rural classification was based on INE (1996). Results: According to the results obtained in the anthropometry, boys and girls from rural areas are heavier and taller than the boys and girls from urban areas. Regarding the BMI and body fat, it is males in rural areas that show a higher number of pupils in the healthy zone. As far as females are concerned, it is the urban area that has more pupils in that zone. It was also noticed that there are a huge percentage of girls from the rural area in the thin zone. In the differentiation between genders, boys have better results in physical aptitude and obesity levels. Regarding the influence of the living area, there are obviously better results in the urban area than in the rural area. Our study reveals that there are significant differences in the physical aptitude tests when they were applied at two different moments. Conclusions: After the analysis and interpretation of the results, we can conclude that boys and girls coming from rural areas are taller and heavier than the ones from urban areas and that they exhibit a lower body mass index. When defining the percentage of subjects classified in the “healthy zone”, the BMI numbers in boys from rural areas that are in the healthy zone are higher than those of boys from urban areas. Regarding girls, the ones from urban areas as well as those from rural areas have almost the same percentage in the healthy zone. Concerning fat, it is males in the rural areas that have more pupils in the healthy zone. As for girls, the ones from the urban areas have better results in the three zones, being the healthy zone that has a higher percentage of girls. In the relationship between the genders, boys have better results in the levels of physical aptitude and obesity. In the relationship between the areas, the urban one shows better results. The existence of two periods of analysis allowed us to notice an improvement in all the tests.
Background: this work is aimed at knowing the level of physical aptitude and its degree of association, regarding an urban and a rural area, in children from the primary education schools. Methodology:the sample consisted of six schools from the primary education of the county of Fundão: Santa Teresinha school (a central school), and the schools of Valverde, Fatela, Enxames, Alcaria and Peroviseu (peripheral schools). The sample has been selected in order to have a certain number of pupils from a peripheral area and another one from a central area of the city. The total sample is represented by 161 pupils, 76 are female and 85 are male and they are aged between 6 and 10. 85 come from an urban area and 76 come from a rural area. The analysis of the physical aptitude had as a reference the battery Prudential Fitnessgram (2002). Urban and rural classification was based on INE (1996). Results: According to the results obtained in the anthropometry, boys and girls from rural areas are heavier and taller than the boys and girls from urban areas. Regarding the BMI and body fat, it is males in rural areas that show a higher number of pupils in the healthy zone. As far as females are concerned, it is the urban area that has more pupils in that zone. It was also noticed that there are a huge percentage of girls from the rural area in the thin zone. In the differentiation between genders, boys have better results in physical aptitude and obesity levels. Regarding the influence of the living area, there are obviously better results in the urban area than in the rural area. Our study reveals that there are significant differences in the physical aptitude tests when they were applied at two different moments. Conclusions: After the analysis and interpretation of the results, we can conclude that boys and girls coming from rural areas are taller and heavier than the ones from urban areas and that they exhibit a lower body mass index. When defining the percentage of subjects classified in the “healthy zone”, the BMI numbers in boys from rural areas that are in the healthy zone are higher than those of boys from urban areas. Regarding girls, the ones from urban areas as well as those from rural areas have almost the same percentage in the healthy zone. Concerning fat, it is males in the rural areas that have more pupils in the healthy zone. As for girls, the ones from the urban areas have better results in the three zones, being the healthy zone that has a higher percentage of girls. In the relationship between the genders, boys have better results in the levels of physical aptitude and obesity. In the relationship between the areas, the urban one shows better results. The existence of two periods of analysis allowed us to notice an improvement in all the tests.
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Obesidade infantil Actividade física