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Publication
“Eu luto por adaptar”: Estudo qualitativo sobre o processo psicológico de transição para Estruturas Residenciais Para Pessoas mais velhas
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Abstract(s)
O envelhecimento populacional tem levado ao aumento da procura por Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas (ERPIs), o que ressalta a necessidade de adaptações psicológicas ao novo contexto em que os adultos mais velhos se inserem.
Assim, este estudo analisa o processo psicológico de transição de pessoas idosas para uma ERPI. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo em que participaram 10 residentes de ERPIs, com idades entre 65 e 96 anos. Os participantes foram entrevistados individualmente e responderam a questões sobre as suas experiências de transição, sentimentos em relação à mudança, desafios enfrentados e estratégias utilizadas para lidar com a nova situação.
Os resultados revelaram que a transição para uma ERPI pode ser experienciada de formas diversas, sendo frequentemente acompanhada por sentimentos de perda de autonomia, luto pela casa e rotinas anteriores, bem como dificuldades de adaptação às novas normas institucionais. O estudo destaca os fatores facilitadores e inibidores que influenciam essa adaptação, analisando tanto o impacto emocional quanto as estratégias de coping adotadas pelos residentes. Fatores como o envolvimento ativo no processo decisório e a criação de laços sociais demonstraram ser facilitadores importantes da adaptação.
O estudo sugere ainda que o modelo de Atenção Centrada na Pessoa (ACP) tem potencial para promover uma adaptação mais harmoniosa, ao valorizar as preferências e a autonomia dos residentes, adotando estratégias que incluam a participação ativa dos residentes no processo de tomada de decisão e a promoção de um ambiente que apoie a continuidade das suas identidades e preferências individuais. Por outro lado, a rigidez organizacional e a falta de envolvimento dos adultos mais velhos nas decisões emergem como obstáculos à adaptação emocional e ao bem-estar dos residentes.
Population aging has led to an increased demand for Residential Care Facilities for Older Adults (RCFs), highlighting the need for psychological adaptations to the new context in which older adults find themselves. Thus, this study analyses the psychological process of transition for older adults into an RCF. It is a qualitative study in which 10 RCF residents, aged between 65 and 96, participated. The participants were interviewed individually and answered questions about their adaptation experiences, feelings regarding the transition, challenges faced, and strategies used to cope with the new situation. The results revealed that the transition to an RCF can be experienced in various ways, often accompanied by feelings of loss of autonomy, mourning for the home and previous routines, as well as difficulties adapting to new institutional norms. The study highlights the facilitating and inhibiting factors that influence this adaptation, analysing both the emotional impact and the coping strategies adopted by the residents. Factors such as active involvement in decision-making processes and the creation of social bonds proved to be important facilitators of adaptation. The study suggests that the Person-Centred Care (PCC) model has the potential to promote a more harmonious adaptation, as it values residents' preferences and autonomy, adopting strategies that include active participation of residents in decision-making processes and fostering an environment that supports the continuity of their identities and individual preferences. On the other hand, organisational rigidity and the lack of involvement of older adults in decisions emerge as obstacles to emotional adaptation and residents’ well-being.
Population aging has led to an increased demand for Residential Care Facilities for Older Adults (RCFs), highlighting the need for psychological adaptations to the new context in which older adults find themselves. Thus, this study analyses the psychological process of transition for older adults into an RCF. It is a qualitative study in which 10 RCF residents, aged between 65 and 96, participated. The participants were interviewed individually and answered questions about their adaptation experiences, feelings regarding the transition, challenges faced, and strategies used to cope with the new situation. The results revealed that the transition to an RCF can be experienced in various ways, often accompanied by feelings of loss of autonomy, mourning for the home and previous routines, as well as difficulties adapting to new institutional norms. The study highlights the facilitating and inhibiting factors that influence this adaptation, analysing both the emotional impact and the coping strategies adopted by the residents. Factors such as active involvement in decision-making processes and the creation of social bonds proved to be important facilitators of adaptation. The study suggests that the Person-Centred Care (PCC) model has the potential to promote a more harmonious adaptation, as it values residents' preferences and autonomy, adopting strategies that include active participation of residents in decision-making processes and fostering an environment that supports the continuity of their identities and individual preferences. On the other hand, organisational rigidity and the lack of involvement of older adults in decisions emerge as obstacles to emotional adaptation and residents’ well-being.
Description
Keywords
Adaptação Atenção Centrada na Pessoa (Acp) Envelhecimento Estratégias de Coping Fatores
Facilitadores Fatores Inibidores Identidade Transição