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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação tem como principal objetivo dar a conhecer os impactos ambientais que a indústria da construção tem para com o nosso planeta, e exemplificar várias técnicas e materiais que podem ser utilizados como alternativa com o intuito de reduzir a pegada ecológica causada pela construção convencional no meio ambiente.
Após o estudo e análise de técnicas construtivas ditas convencionais e não convencionais e do seu impacto no meio ambiente, procurou-se realizar um anteprojeto baseado na sustentabilidade, tanto do sistema em si, como ambiental. Sendo que o principal enfoque desta proposta é tentar sintetizar uma hierarquia de construção e desconstrução controlada e fundamentada de um edifício de habitação, e com isso contribuir para uma arquitetura sustentável, a pré-fabricação é o sistema construtivo que mais se adequa.
Acerca dos materiais construtivos, a madeira foi o material preponderante. Esta escolha recaiu em grande parte devido ao facto de ser um material natural renovável e com características mecânicas semelhantes a outros materiais tal como o aço ou o metal, oferecendo uma excelente relação entre a sua grande resistência física e baixo peso-próprio.
Neste sentido o anteprojeto de uma habitação foi desenvolvido com base nos conceitos de sustentabilidade referidos ao longo do trabalho. O anteprojeto teve como base a coordenação de módulos, onde todos os módulos, elementos constituintes do edifício, devem ter dimensões múltiplas de 10cm, exemplo das paredes, pilares etc. Desta forma foi possível realizar um anteprojeto de um edifício em que todos os elementos eram concebidos separadamente, mas com uma coordenação que permite um encaixe e desencaixe facilitado entre todos eles como se de um puzzle se trata-se, durante a sua edificação e durante a sua utilização.
A habitação não terá uma implantação pré-definida, pois o objetivo é que sirva um público-alvo diversificado, passando por ambientes familiares estáveis. O tema bastante atual dos refugiados pode ser aqui usado como finalidade da proposta, no entanto, o foco passará por aliar uma construção de rápida execução, ou seja, uma construção com características efémeras, ao conforto e estabilidade de uma habitação tradicional com traços e aspetos de maior duração.
This thesis aims to inform the environmental impacts that the construction industry has for our planet, and exemplify various techniques and materials that can be used as an alternative in order to reduce the environmental footprint caused by the conventional construction in the environment. After the study and analysis of conventional construction techniques and unconventional and its impact on the environment, i tried to carry out a preliminary plan based on sustainability, both the system itself, such as environmental. Since the main focus of this proposal is trying to synthesize a building hierarchy and controlled deconstruction and founded a residential building, and thus contribute to sustainable architecture, prefabrication is the construction system that best suits. About construction materials, wood was the predominant material. This choice was largely due to it being a renewable natural material and mechanical characteristics similar to other materials such as steel or metal, offering great value for their great physical strength and low weight-esteem. In this sense the draft of a dwelling was developed based on the concepts of sustainability mentioned throughout the work. The draft was based on the coordination of modules, where all modules, elements of the building, must have multiple dimensions of 10cm, eg the walls, pillars etc. In this way it was possible to carry out a blueprint of a building in which all the elements were designed separately, but with a coordination that allows a plug and easier undocking among them all like a puzzle if it during its construction and during the use. The housing does not have a pre-defined implantation, since the goal is to serve a diverse audience, through stable family environments. The very current issue of refugees can be used here as a purpose of the proposal, however, the focus will shift by combining a construction fast execution, ie a building with ephemeral characteristics, comfort and stability of a traditional housing with features and aspects longer lasting.
This thesis aims to inform the environmental impacts that the construction industry has for our planet, and exemplify various techniques and materials that can be used as an alternative in order to reduce the environmental footprint caused by the conventional construction in the environment. After the study and analysis of conventional construction techniques and unconventional and its impact on the environment, i tried to carry out a preliminary plan based on sustainability, both the system itself, such as environmental. Since the main focus of this proposal is trying to synthesize a building hierarchy and controlled deconstruction and founded a residential building, and thus contribute to sustainable architecture, prefabrication is the construction system that best suits. About construction materials, wood was the predominant material. This choice was largely due to it being a renewable natural material and mechanical characteristics similar to other materials such as steel or metal, offering great value for their great physical strength and low weight-esteem. In this sense the draft of a dwelling was developed based on the concepts of sustainability mentioned throughout the work. The draft was based on the coordination of modules, where all modules, elements of the building, must have multiple dimensions of 10cm, eg the walls, pillars etc. In this way it was possible to carry out a blueprint of a building in which all the elements were designed separately, but with a coordination that allows a plug and easier undocking among them all like a puzzle if it during its construction and during the use. The housing does not have a pre-defined implantation, since the goal is to serve a diverse audience, through stable family environments. The very current issue of refugees can be used here as a purpose of the proposal, however, the focus will shift by combining a construction fast execution, ie a building with ephemeral characteristics, comfort and stability of a traditional housing with features and aspects longer lasting.
Description
Keywords
Desconstrução Flexibilidade Madeira Modulo Pré-Fabricação Sustentabilidade