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Abstract(s)
Toxoplasma gondii é um parasita intracelular obrigatório, pertencente ao filo Apicomplexa, sendo responsável por uma importante zoonose mundial, a toxoplasmose.
As principais vias de transmissão são a horizontal, através da ingestão de quistos tecidulares presentes na carne crua ou malpassada, ingestão de oócistos esporulados na água, e nas frutas e vegetais crus ou mal lavados; e a transmissão vertical, por via placentária.
Em Portugal, foram reportadas elevadas prevalências em indivíduos com idade superior a 45 anos, revelando uma exposição cumulativa com a idade, e em residentes na região norte (70%), em relação ao sul (35%).
Este estudo tem como principal objetivo determinar a seroprevalência de infeção por T. gondii na região Cova da Beira, bem como a existência de potenciais fatores de risco para a infeção, tendo sido analisados para o efeito as seguintes variáveis: meio (rural ou urbano), contato com animais e tipo de alimentação (consumo de carne crua ou malpassada).
As amostras de soro de 229 indivíduos, residentes na Cova da Beira, foram analisadas para anticorpos contra T. gondii, com o teste de aglutinação modificado (modified agglutination test - MAT). Foi entregue a todos os participantes um inquérito que recolhia as seguintes informações: sexo, idade, concelho, freguesia, meio (rural ou urbano), convivência com gatos e consumo de carne crua ou malpassada.
Os resultados evidenciaram uma seropositividade de cerca de 56,3%, contudo não foi encontrada uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre a seroprevalência encontrada e as variáveis consideradas. Ainda assim, dentro da amostra, foi comprovado um maior número de infetados nos grupos etários mais avançados, sugerindo uma exposição cumulativa a T. gondii com a idade (nos 129 resultados positivos, a média de idades foi 65,02 anos). Dentro do género, foi observada uma maior frequência da infeção em homens (65,3% dos resultados positivos pertenciam a indivíduos do sexo masculino) podendo este valor evidenciar um risco aumentado de seropositividade associado a atividades laborais tipicamente consideradas masculinas.
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that belongs to the Apicomplexa phylum, accounting for an important global zoonosis, toxoplasmosis. The main routes of transmission are horizontal, through the ingestion of tissue cysts present in raw or undercooked meat, ingestion of sporulated oocysts in water, and raw or unwashed fruits and vegetables; and vertical transmission, by placental route. In Portugal, high prevalences were reported in individuals older than 45 years, revealing a cumulative exposure with age, and in residents of the north region of the country (70%), when compared with the south (35%). This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in the Cova da Beira region and the existence of potential risk factors for infection, having been analyzed, for this purpose, the following variables: environment (rural or urban), contact with animals and type of food (raw/undercooked meat consumption). Serum samples from 229 individuals, living in the Cova da Beira, were analyzed for antibodies against T. gondii, with the modified agglutination test (MAT). It was delivered to all participants a survey that collected the following information: gender, age, county, parish, environment (rural or urban), having one or more cats (as pets), living with cats and consumption of raw meat or undercooked. The results showed a seropositivity of 56.3%, but there was not a statistically significant relationship between the prevalence found and the variables considered. Still, in the sample, it was demonstrated a higher number of infected in older age groups, suggesting a cumulative exposure to T. gondii with age (the mean age in the positive results was 65,02 years). Within the gender, a higher frequency of infection was observed in men (65.3% of positive results were from males); this value may show an increased risk of seropositivity associated with work activities typically considered male.
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that belongs to the Apicomplexa phylum, accounting for an important global zoonosis, toxoplasmosis. The main routes of transmission are horizontal, through the ingestion of tissue cysts present in raw or undercooked meat, ingestion of sporulated oocysts in water, and raw or unwashed fruits and vegetables; and vertical transmission, by placental route. In Portugal, high prevalences were reported in individuals older than 45 years, revealing a cumulative exposure with age, and in residents of the north region of the country (70%), when compared with the south (35%). This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in the Cova da Beira region and the existence of potential risk factors for infection, having been analyzed, for this purpose, the following variables: environment (rural or urban), contact with animals and type of food (raw/undercooked meat consumption). Serum samples from 229 individuals, living in the Cova da Beira, were analyzed for antibodies against T. gondii, with the modified agglutination test (MAT). It was delivered to all participants a survey that collected the following information: gender, age, county, parish, environment (rural or urban), having one or more cats (as pets), living with cats and consumption of raw meat or undercooked. The results showed a seropositivity of 56.3%, but there was not a statistically significant relationship between the prevalence found and the variables considered. Still, in the sample, it was demonstrated a higher number of infected in older age groups, suggesting a cumulative exposure to T. gondii with age (the mean age in the positive results was 65,02 years). Within the gender, a higher frequency of infection was observed in men (65.3% of positive results were from males); this value may show an increased risk of seropositivity associated with work activities typically considered male.
Description
Keywords
Cova da Beira Fatores de Risco Infeciologia Mat Prevalência Toxoplasma Gondii