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Authors
Abstract(s)
Durante o parto vaginal podem ocorrer lacerações vaginais e perineais que são
classificadas em diferentes graus e comportam diferentes consequências. A episiotomia
é um procedimento cirúrgico que consiste na realização de uma incisão no períneo que
visa aumentar o orifício vaginal, executado durante a segunda fase do trabalho de parto,
com a finalidade de prevenir lacerações perineais de maior gravidade e possíveis
complicações associadas. Tanto as lacerações perineais espontâneas como as
episiotomias podem ser acompanhadas por dor, dispareunia, incontinência urinária,
entre outras, pelo que é importante entender qual a pertinência da aplicação da
episiotomia e em que situações esta se torna necessária. Atualmente, o papel deste
procedimento cirúrgico é controverso, chegando a sua utilização a ser considerada como
prática de violência obstétrica, pelo que é importante entender as situações em que a sua
aplicação se mostra vantajosa e é imperativo que a necessidade do procedimento seja
explicada à grávida para que esta se sinta informada e segura.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo efetuar uma revisão da literatura com a finalidade de
entender quais as possíveis indicações para a realização desta técnica e quais as
complicações e benefícios associados.
During vaginal delivery, vaginal and perineal lacerations can occur, which are classified as different degrees and have different consequences. Episiotomy is a surgical procedure that consists of making an incision in the perineum that aims to increase the vaginal orifice, performed during the second stage of labor, to prevent more severe perineal lacerations and possible associated complications. Both spontaneous perineal lacerations and episiotomies can be accompanied by pain, dyspareunia, urinary incontinence, among others, so it is important to understand the pertinence of episiotomy application and in which situations it becomes necessary. Currently, the role of this surgical procedure is controversial, with its use being considered as a practice of obstetric violence, so it is important to understand the situations in which its application proves to be advantageous, and it is imperative that the need for the procedure is explained to the patient, so that she feels informed and safe. This dissertation aims to review the literature to understand the possible indications for performing this technique and the complications and associated benefits.
During vaginal delivery, vaginal and perineal lacerations can occur, which are classified as different degrees and have different consequences. Episiotomy is a surgical procedure that consists of making an incision in the perineum that aims to increase the vaginal orifice, performed during the second stage of labor, to prevent more severe perineal lacerations and possible associated complications. Both spontaneous perineal lacerations and episiotomies can be accompanied by pain, dyspareunia, urinary incontinence, among others, so it is important to understand the pertinence of episiotomy application and in which situations it becomes necessary. Currently, the role of this surgical procedure is controversial, with its use being considered as a practice of obstetric violence, so it is important to understand the situations in which its application proves to be advantageous, and it is imperative that the need for the procedure is explained to the patient, so that she feels informed and safe. This dissertation aims to review the literature to understand the possible indications for performing this technique and the complications and associated benefits.
Description
Keywords
Dor Perineal Episiotomia Laceração Perineal Perineotomia