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Abstract(s)
Na sociedade atual a energia elétrica é considerada um bem essencial para a vida de cada indivíduo. De modo a acompanhar esta crescente tendência na utilização de energia elétrica, surge cada vez mais uma implícita responsabilidade da sociedade na procura de fontes de energia mais limpas. Uma das mais atrativas soluções neste momento passa pela produção fotovoltaica. A utilização desse tipo de energia, obtida por meio da transformação direta de recursos naturais, é atualmente estudada com grande interesse pela comunidade científica, devido à sua complexidade, tanto pelas diferentes fontes de produção, quanto pela sua variabilidade e imprevisibilidade. No entanto, essa falta de previsibilidade poderia ser compensada pela complementaridade entre recursos ou pela introdução de sistemas de armazenamento de energia elétrica. Os sistemas de armazenamento de energia elétrica são reconhecidos como uma das abordagens mais promissoras. No entanto, estes sistemas sofrem de alguns problemas operacionais, como por exemplo a degradação do desempenho quando sujeitos a altas correntes de carga / descarga e uma consequente redução da sua vida útil. Para mitigar estas desvantagens, começaram a surgir os sistemas de armazenamento híbridos de energia. Estes sistemas combinam benefícios de duas ou mais tecnologias diferentes. A ligação de super-condensadores e baterias de Li-ion, que combina a alta densidade de potência de super-condensadores com a alta densidade energética das baterias de Li-ion, é a topologia mais usual neste tipo de sistema.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo o dimensionamento, construção e controlo de um sistema isolado da rede elétrica, com extração de energia fotovoltaica e armazenamento híbrido de energia elétrica.
In today's society, electricity is considered an essential asset for the life of each individual. In order to keep up with this growing trend, in the use of electric energy in previously manually performed tasks, there is an increasing implicit responsibility of society to seek cleaner sources of energy. One of the most attractive solutions, at this moment, is photovoltaic production. The use of this type of energy, obtained through the direct transformation of natural resources, is currently studied with great interest by the scientific community, due to its complexity, as well as its variability and unpredictability. However, this lack of predictability can be eliminated by the complementarity between resources or by the introduction of electrical energy storage systems. Energy storage systems are recognized as one of the most promising approaches. However, these systems suffer from some operational problems, such as degradation of performance when subjected to high load/discharge currents and a consequent reduction in their useful life. To mitigate these drawbacks, hybrid power storage systems began to emerge. These systems combine the benefits of two or more different technologies. The connection of super capacitors and Li-ion cells, thus combining the high power density of super capacitors with the high energy density of Li-ion cells, is the most common topology in this type of system. This dissertation aims at the design, construction and control of an isolated grid system, with extraction of photovoltaic energy and hybrid storage of electric energy.
In today's society, electricity is considered an essential asset for the life of each individual. In order to keep up with this growing trend, in the use of electric energy in previously manually performed tasks, there is an increasing implicit responsibility of society to seek cleaner sources of energy. One of the most attractive solutions, at this moment, is photovoltaic production. The use of this type of energy, obtained through the direct transformation of natural resources, is currently studied with great interest by the scientific community, due to its complexity, as well as its variability and unpredictability. However, this lack of predictability can be eliminated by the complementarity between resources or by the introduction of electrical energy storage systems. Energy storage systems are recognized as one of the most promising approaches. However, these systems suffer from some operational problems, such as degradation of performance when subjected to high load/discharge currents and a consequent reduction in their useful life. To mitigate these drawbacks, hybrid power storage systems began to emerge. These systems combine the benefits of two or more different technologies. The connection of super capacitors and Li-ion cells, thus combining the high power density of super capacitors with the high energy density of Li-ion cells, is the most common topology in this type of system. This dissertation aims at the design, construction and control of an isolated grid system, with extraction of photovoltaic energy and hybrid storage of electric energy.
Description
Keywords
Baterias Li-Ion Controladores Pid Particle Swarm Optimization Produção Fotovoltaica Sistemas de Armazenamento Híbridos de Energia Elétrica Super-Condensadores