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O presente trabalho encontra-se dividido em três partes distintas: o Capitulo I, referente ao estágio realizado no âmbito da farmácia comunitária; o Capitulo II, dedicado ao estágio realizado em farmácia hospitalar; e finalmente, o Capitulo III correspondente ao trabalho de revisão bibliográfica realizado na área da fitoterapia e referente à sua aplicação na prevenção e tratamento de Infeções do Trato Urinário.
O estágio em farmácia comunitária foi realizado do dia 1 de fevereiro ao dia 8 de abril na Farmácia Costa, em Viseu. Este permitiu contactar de perto com a realidade da profissão farmacêutica a nível da farmácia de oficina, possibilitando colocar em prática os conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo dos nove semestres teóricos que integram o Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Assim, o capitulo I deste trabalho explana uma descrição sumária das tarefas realizadas durante o estágio, desde a receção e armazenamento de encomendas até ao aconselhamento farmacoterapêutico prestado ao utente.
Relativamente ao estágio em farmácia hospitalar, este foi realizado de 1 de maio a 31 de julho, ao abrigo do programa ERASMUS+, na Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, na cidade de Florença. Para além do contacto com uma nova realidade laboral, foi um estágio que permitiu um crescimento não só pessoal como profissional, encontrando-se a experiência vivenciada descrita no Capitulo II deste trabalho.
A utilização irracional e abusiva de antibióticos amplia exponencialmente a probabilidade do aparecimento de resistências antimicrobianas as quais refletem, atualmente, uma preocupação à escala global. As Infeções do Trato Urinário estão entre as infeções mais prevalentes na população mundial, sendo ultrapassadas apenas pelas infeções do trato respiratório. Assim, o capitulo III deste trabalho pretende abordar e explorar as diferentes alternativas fitoterapêuticas que podem ser empregues na prevenção e tratamento desta patologia. Este capitulo encontra-se dividido em duas partes: uma parte incial em que é abordada a anatomia e fisiologia do sistema urinário, bem como uma breve contextualização das ITU, sua classificação, sintomas, diagnóstico e tratamento farmacológico; uma segunda parte em que existe um enquadramento da temática da fitoterapia e são enumeradas as plantas mais relevantes utilizadas na prevenção e tratamento da ITU, descrevendo as suas caracteristicas e potencialidades.
The present dissertation is divided into three parts: Chapter I, wich is referent to the internship acomplished in comunity pharmacy; Chapter II, devoted to the internship performed in hospital pharmacy; and finally, Chapter III wich consists in a bibliography literature review work done in phytotherapy field and explores its application in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections. The internship in community pharmacy was held from february 1 to april 8 in Costa Pharmacy in Viseu. This internship allowed to contact closely with the reality of the pharmaceutical profession in a pharmacy, enabling to put in practice the knowledge acquired over the nine theoretical semestres that compromises the Master in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Thus, Chapter I consists in a brief description of the tasks performed during this internship, from the reception and storage to pharmaceutical counseling provided to patients. The hospital pharmacy internship, was carried out from may 1 to july 31, under the ERASMUS+ program, in Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, in the city of Florence. In adition to the contact with a new labor reality, this internship allowed growing not only in personal level but also as in the professional chapter, finding the lived experience described in Chapter II of this work. The irrational and abusive use of antibiotics exponentially increases the likelihood of appearance of antimicrobial resistences wich reflects, nowdays, a concern at a global scale. Regarding the prevalence it shall be noted that urinary tract infections are among the infections that shows greater frequency in a worldwide level, being surpassed only by infections of the respiratory tract. Thereby, Chapter III of this dissertation aims to explore the different phytoterapeutic alternatives wich can be employed in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections. In order to acomplished that this chapter is divided in two distinct parts: in the first is addressed the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system and subsquently perform a brief background of the ITU where is exlored their classification, the syntoms, diagnosis and pharmacological treatment; In the second phase are described the more relevant herbs that may be applied in the prevention and treatment of UTI and finnaly exploring their features and capabilities.
The present dissertation is divided into three parts: Chapter I, wich is referent to the internship acomplished in comunity pharmacy; Chapter II, devoted to the internship performed in hospital pharmacy; and finally, Chapter III wich consists in a bibliography literature review work done in phytotherapy field and explores its application in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections. The internship in community pharmacy was held from february 1 to april 8 in Costa Pharmacy in Viseu. This internship allowed to contact closely with the reality of the pharmaceutical profession in a pharmacy, enabling to put in practice the knowledge acquired over the nine theoretical semestres that compromises the Master in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Thus, Chapter I consists in a brief description of the tasks performed during this internship, from the reception and storage to pharmaceutical counseling provided to patients. The hospital pharmacy internship, was carried out from may 1 to july 31, under the ERASMUS+ program, in Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, in the city of Florence. In adition to the contact with a new labor reality, this internship allowed growing not only in personal level but also as in the professional chapter, finding the lived experience described in Chapter II of this work. The irrational and abusive use of antibiotics exponentially increases the likelihood of appearance of antimicrobial resistences wich reflects, nowdays, a concern at a global scale. Regarding the prevalence it shall be noted that urinary tract infections are among the infections that shows greater frequency in a worldwide level, being surpassed only by infections of the respiratory tract. Thereby, Chapter III of this dissertation aims to explore the different phytoterapeutic alternatives wich can be employed in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections. In order to acomplished that this chapter is divided in two distinct parts: in the first is addressed the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system and subsquently perform a brief background of the ITU where is exlored their classification, the syntoms, diagnosis and pharmacological treatment; In the second phase are described the more relevant herbs that may be applied in the prevention and treatment of UTI and finnaly exploring their features and capabilities.
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Keywords
Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Fitoterapia Infeção do Trato Urinário