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Authors
Abstract(s)
Este relatório está dividido em dois capítulos principais, retrata experiência obtida em
investigação laboratorial (primeiro capítulo) e farmácia comunitária (segundo capítulo).
Em relação ao primeiro capítulo, o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) está relacionado
com uma das principais causas de morte, sendo influenciado por uma combinação de
vários fatores de risco. Estes incluem co-morbilidades cardiovasculares doenças
metabólicas, dieta desequilibrada e estilos de vida sedentários. Embora bem descritos,
por si só não conseguem caracterizar o AVC de forma precisa. Neste estudo recorreu-se
à fórmula do cálculo de risco de AVC de Framingham como ferramenta preditiva do risco
de doença, através dos fatores de risco modificáveis e não-modificáveis. Adicionalmente,
embora a dislipidemia não seja considerada no modelo atual de Framingham, os lípidos
circulantes no sangue, livres ou associados a lipoproteínas foram descritos como
mediadores importantes na patofisiologia das doenças cardiovasculares e
cerebrovasculares. Das estudadas, a apolipoproteína E (ApoE) desempenha um papel
importante na produção de lipoproteínas plasmáticas, sua conversão e eliminação, sendo
uma proteína chave no metabolismo do colesterol. Estudámos o risco de sofrer AVC em
idosos da EBIcohort (Elderly of Beira Interior Cohort), no âmbito do projeto ICON
(Centro 2020; CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000013). Com base no cálculo de do risco de
AVC de Framingham, os grupos de estudo foram divididos em: Risco normal (0-2%);
Risco baixo (3-6%); Risco moderado (6-20%); Risco elevado (20%). Foram efetuadas
colheitas de amostras de sangue, o soro processado e categorizado, e a ApoE foi
quantificada por ELISA Sandwich. Os resultados indicam que níveis aumentados de
ApoE estão relacionados com um aumento no risco de AVC. O modelo de regressão linear
múltipla aplicado teve como resultado correlações significativas entre a ApoE e variáveis
como a idade, género, índice de massa corporal, lipoproteína de elevada densidade e
triglicéridos. O segundo capítulo descreve a experiência, valências e aprendizagem
obtida em farmácia comunitária desde o dia 1 de fevereiro a 11 de junho, na Farmácia
Pedroso, sob a orientação do Dr. João Vale.
This document is divided in two main chapters, focusing the obtained experience in laboratory research (first chapter) and community pharmacy (second chapter). Regarding the first chapter and the tittle, related to one of the major causes of death worldwide, stroke is influenced by a combination of multiple risk factors. These include cardiovascular co-morbidities, metabolic diseases, unbalanced diet and sedentary lifestyles. Though well described, risk factors single-handedly cannot depict stroke stages of disease accurately. Our group recurred to Framingham Stroke Risk Score as a tool for predictive onset of disease, assessing modifiable and non-modifiable parameters and reporting a probability of having a stroke. Additionally, though dyslipidemia is not considered by Framingham latest model, circulatory lipoproteins as cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins are described as key mediators for cardiovascular disease. From the studied lipoproteins, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays an important role in plasmatic lipoprotein production, conversion and clearance, acting as a key protein in cholesterol metabolism. We predicted the probability of stroke onset in EBIcohort (cohort of Elderly from Beira Interior), a cohort set in the scope of the ICON project (Programa Operacional do Centro, Centro 2020, CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER000013). Based on Framingham’s risk of stroke assessment the study groups were divided by: Normal (0-2%); Low (3-6%); Moderate (6-20%); High (20%). Blood samples were collected, serum was processed, categorized and APoE was quantified by Sandwich ELISA. Our results indicate that higher levels of ApoE expression are consistent with increased risk of stroke. The applied linear regression model yielded significant correlations between ApoE and variables such as age, gender, body mass index, highdensity lipoprotein and triglycerides. The second chapter describes the experience, skills and learning attained in community pharmacy from 1st February to 11th June 2021 at Farmácia Pedroso, under supervision of Dr. João Vale.
This document is divided in two main chapters, focusing the obtained experience in laboratory research (first chapter) and community pharmacy (second chapter). Regarding the first chapter and the tittle, related to one of the major causes of death worldwide, stroke is influenced by a combination of multiple risk factors. These include cardiovascular co-morbidities, metabolic diseases, unbalanced diet and sedentary lifestyles. Though well described, risk factors single-handedly cannot depict stroke stages of disease accurately. Our group recurred to Framingham Stroke Risk Score as a tool for predictive onset of disease, assessing modifiable and non-modifiable parameters and reporting a probability of having a stroke. Additionally, though dyslipidemia is not considered by Framingham latest model, circulatory lipoproteins as cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins are described as key mediators for cardiovascular disease. From the studied lipoproteins, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays an important role in plasmatic lipoprotein production, conversion and clearance, acting as a key protein in cholesterol metabolism. We predicted the probability of stroke onset in EBIcohort (cohort of Elderly from Beira Interior), a cohort set in the scope of the ICON project (Programa Operacional do Centro, Centro 2020, CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER000013). Based on Framingham’s risk of stroke assessment the study groups were divided by: Normal (0-2%); Low (3-6%); Moderate (6-20%); High (20%). Blood samples were collected, serum was processed, categorized and APoE was quantified by Sandwich ELISA. Our results indicate that higher levels of ApoE expression are consistent with increased risk of stroke. The applied linear regression model yielded significant correlations between ApoE and variables such as age, gender, body mass index, highdensity lipoprotein and triglycerides. The second chapter describes the experience, skills and learning attained in community pharmacy from 1st February to 11th June 2021 at Farmácia Pedroso, under supervision of Dr. João Vale.
Description
Keywords
Apoe Avc Farmácia Comunitária Idosos Risco de Avc de Framingham