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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nos dias de hoje vivemos num mundo visual no qual a representação do conhecimento e a sua disseminação são quase impossíveis de se realizar sem recorrer a
imagens. Com o avanço da tecnologia, a utilização de visualizações para promover a aprendizagem pode ser aprimorada através de simulações com as quais se
podem criar representações simples e mais adequadas para ilustrar ideias complexas e abstratas contidas nos textos. De um modo particular, a realização de
simulações em Probabilidades e Estatística é fundamental pois facilita a compreensão de conceitos de aleatoriedade e variação de amostras, permite observar em
alguns minutos a evolução temporal de um fenómeno que levaria horas, dias ou
anos em tempo real, além de permitir a repetição de experiências aleatórias nas
mesmas condições e tantas vezes quantas se queira. Este facto incentivou-nos
a desenvolver no presente trabalho, com o auxílio do software R, uma aplicação
Shiny para simular e ilustrar alguns conceitos e resultados de probabilidades e
estatística a um nível introdutório.
O Shiny é um pacote do RStudio que é uma interface do R que permite a
criação de ferramentas, nomeadamente aplicações interativas, para tratamento de
dados de forma flexível e acessível para usuários do R. A gratuidade do software
R, e o aspeto apelativo e fácil utilização das aplicações Shiny, são uma vantagem
para a utilização da aplicação que desenvolvemos por professores e alunos no
processo de ensino e aprendizagem de probabilidades e estatística.
In our days, we live in a visual world in which the representation of knowledge and its dissemination are almost impossible to perform without resorting to images. With the development of technology, the use of visualizations to promote learning can be improved through simulations with which simple and more adequate representations can be created to to illustrate abstract and complex ideas contained in texts. In particular, simulations are fundamental in Probability and Statistics because they facilitate the undertanding of the concepts of randomness and variation of samples, allow the observation, in few minutes, of the temporal evolution of a phenomenon that would take hours, days or years in real time. Be- sides this, they allow the repetition of random experiences in the same conditions and as many times as we want. This fact encouraged us to develop in the present work, with the support of software R, a Shiny application to simulate and illustrate some concepts and results of probabilities and statistics at an introductory level. Shiny is a package of RStudio, a R interface, that allows the development of tools, namely interactive applications, for data processing in a flexible and accessible way for the users of R. Being software R free of charge and the appealing aspect and easy use of Shiny applications, make the application that we developed advantageous for teachers and students to use in the teaching and learning process of probabilities and statistics.
In our days, we live in a visual world in which the representation of knowledge and its dissemination are almost impossible to perform without resorting to images. With the development of technology, the use of visualizations to promote learning can be improved through simulations with which simple and more adequate representations can be created to to illustrate abstract and complex ideas contained in texts. In particular, simulations are fundamental in Probability and Statistics because they facilitate the undertanding of the concepts of randomness and variation of samples, allow the observation, in few minutes, of the temporal evolution of a phenomenon that would take hours, days or years in real time. Be- sides this, they allow the repetition of random experiences in the same conditions and as many times as we want. This fact encouraged us to develop in the present work, with the support of software R, a Shiny application to simulate and illustrate some concepts and results of probabilities and statistics at an introductory level. Shiny is a package of RStudio, a R interface, that allows the development of tools, namely interactive applications, for data processing in a flexible and accessible way for the users of R. Being software R free of charge and the appealing aspect and easy use of Shiny applications, make the application that we developed advantageous for teachers and students to use in the teaching and learning process of probabilities and statistics.
Description
Keywords
Aplicação Shiny. Probabilidades e Estatística Simulações Software R Visualizações