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Abstract(s)
Atualmente, os problemas ambientais são cada vez mais uma realidade
preocupante e uma prioridade para as organizações ambientalistas e governamentais. Os
excessivos consumos energéticos, os elevados custos associados e os problemas
ambientais relacionados são as principais razões para se procurarem alternativas ao uso
de pilhas e baterias para alimentação de dispositivos eletrónicos.
Perante este problema, procuram-se cada vez mais alternativas para alimentar
dispositivos eletrónicos que proporcionem redução de custos, redução de consumo
energético e redução dos efeitos nocivos para o ambiente. Neste contexto, o uso de
energias renováveis tem sido uma forte aposta no combate aos problemas de nível
ambiental e de consumo energético.
De entre as diversas formas de obter energia elétrica através de energias
renováveis, o presente trabalho destaca o uso de geradores termoelétricos que utilizam o
gradiente de temperatura entre o ambiente e o corpo para obtenção de energia elétrica.
Os geradores termoelétricos fazem uso da termoeletricidade, essencialmente do
efeito de Seebeck e do efeito de Peltier para gerar energia através da diferença de
temperatura que se consegue captar à superfície da pele.
A energia captada pelo gerador termoelétrico tem como finalidade alimentar
dispositivos eletrónicos de pequenas dimensões tais como relógios de pulso, oxímetros
de pulsos ou até pacemakers. Desta forma podemos substituir o uso de pilhas ou baterias
por esses mesmos dispositivos.
O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo das possíveis aplicações de um gerador
termoelétrico bem como o estudo dos fatores que influenciam o seu desempenho. Ainda,
apresenta-se a otimização do gerador termoelétrico, tendo em conta os seus diferentes
parâmetros e características, com o objetivo de obter uma maior potência.
Nowadays environmental problems are an increasingly worrying and a priority for environmental and governmental organizations. Excessive energy consumption, high associated costs and related environmental problems are the main reasons for looking for alternatives to the use of batteries in power electronic devices. In view of this problem, more and more alternatives are being sought to power electronic devices that can present cost savings, reduced energy consumption and reduced harmful effects on the environment. In this context, the use of renewable energies has been a strong bet in fighting against environmental problems and in reducing energy consumption. Among the different ways to obtain electric energy from renewable energies, the present work highlights the use of thermoelectric generators that use the body temperature gradient to obtain electric energy. Thermoelectric generators use thermoelectricity, essentially the Seebeck effect and the Peltier effect to generate energy through the temperature difference that can be captured at the skin surface. This energy captured by the thermoelectric generator has the purpose of feeding small electronic devices such as wristwatches, pulse oximeters or even pacemakers. In this way we can replace the use of batteries for those same devices. The present work presents a study of the possible applications of a thermoelectric generator as well as the study of the parameters that influence their performance. Also, the optimization of a thermoelectric generator is presented, considering its different parameters and characteristics, with the objective of obtaining maximum power.
Nowadays environmental problems are an increasingly worrying and a priority for environmental and governmental organizations. Excessive energy consumption, high associated costs and related environmental problems are the main reasons for looking for alternatives to the use of batteries in power electronic devices. In view of this problem, more and more alternatives are being sought to power electronic devices that can present cost savings, reduced energy consumption and reduced harmful effects on the environment. In this context, the use of renewable energies has been a strong bet in fighting against environmental problems and in reducing energy consumption. Among the different ways to obtain electric energy from renewable energies, the present work highlights the use of thermoelectric generators that use the body temperature gradient to obtain electric energy. Thermoelectric generators use thermoelectricity, essentially the Seebeck effect and the Peltier effect to generate energy through the temperature difference that can be captured at the skin surface. This energy captured by the thermoelectric generator has the purpose of feeding small electronic devices such as wristwatches, pulse oximeters or even pacemakers. In this way we can replace the use of batteries for those same devices. The present work presents a study of the possible applications of a thermoelectric generator as well as the study of the parameters that influence their performance. Also, the optimization of a thermoelectric generator is presented, considering its different parameters and characteristics, with the objective of obtaining maximum power.
Description
Keywords
Condutividade Térmica Efeito de Peltier Efeito de Seebeck Gerador Termoelétrico Matlab Resistência Térmica Termoeletricidade