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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação visa o problema da afetação ótima de unidades e a sua resolução. Nos dias atuais é impensável pensar numa sociedade sem energia elétrica. Assim, o sistema de energia elétrica tem de atender à demanda em cada hora do dia, respeitando as restrições operativas das unidades de geração, tentando produzir energia ao menor custo possível, tendo em conta as crescentes preocupações ambientais. Os sistemas de energia elétrica são sistemas de grande dimensão e complexidade, dessa forma, necessitam cada vez mais de um planeamento entre as suas centrais, ou seja, uma afetação ótima de unidades. A resolução deste problema de forma direta é de todo inviável, o que permite que este seja um tema de grande investigação, sendo aqui abordado um dos vários métodos de resolução, a Relaxação Lagrangeana. Este método permite a resolução do problema primal de uma forma indireta, apresentando, contudo, algumas dificuldades na obtenção de uma solução fazível. São apresentadas essas mesmas dificuldades neste trabalho, quer ao nível da resolução do problema de forma direta, quer de forma indireta. A fim de demonstrar a aplicação do método da relaxação Lagrangeana é apresentado um problema de 5 unidades geradoras para um período de 24 horas, e são retiradas algumas conclusões.
This thesis aims the optimal resource scheduling and their resolution. Nowadays it is unthinkable to think of a society without electric energy. The electric power system has to meet the demand at every hour of the day respecting the operating restrictions of the generation units, trying to produce energy at the lowest possible cost, taking into account the growing environmental concerns. The electric power systems are systems of great size and complexity, so they require an increasing planning between their plants, that is, an optimal Unit Commitment. The resolution of this problem in a direct way is totally impracticable, which allows this to be a subject of great research, the method here addressed is one of many possible resolution, the Lagrangian relaxation method. This method allows the resolution of the primal problem in an indirect way, having some difficulties in obtaining a realistic (better) solution. These same difficulties are presented in this work, either at the level of solving the problem directly or indirectly. For demonstrate the application of the Lagrangian relaxation technique, a problem of 5 generating units is presented for a period of 24 hours, and deduce some conclusion.
This thesis aims the optimal resource scheduling and their resolution. Nowadays it is unthinkable to think of a society without electric energy. The electric power system has to meet the demand at every hour of the day respecting the operating restrictions of the generation units, trying to produce energy at the lowest possible cost, taking into account the growing environmental concerns. The electric power systems are systems of great size and complexity, so they require an increasing planning between their plants, that is, an optimal Unit Commitment. The resolution of this problem in a direct way is totally impracticable, which allows this to be a subject of great research, the method here addressed is one of many possible resolution, the Lagrangian relaxation method. This method allows the resolution of the primal problem in an indirect way, having some difficulties in obtaining a realistic (better) solution. These same difficulties are presented in this work, either at the level of solving the problem directly or indirectly. For demonstrate the application of the Lagrangian relaxation technique, a problem of 5 generating units is presented for a period of 24 hours, and deduce some conclusion.
Description
Keywords
Afetação Ótima de Unidades Atualização dos Multiplicadores de Lagrange. Planeamento Operacional Relaxação Lagrangeana Sistemas de Energia Elétrica