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Abstract(s)
A diabetes mellitus é um distúrbio metabólico de etiologia múltipla e está associada a diversas comorbilidades incluindo doença renal e insuficiência renal. Alguns pacientes com nefropatia diabética precisam de tratamentos como hemodiálise, diálise peritoneal e / ou transplante. O nosso principal objectivo foi caracterizar a população de diabéticos hemodialisados da área.
Realizámos um estudo observacional de pacientes a realizar hemodiálise na NephroCare, Covilhã. Todos os resultados são baseados em estatísticas descritivas para pacientes diabéticos. Os pacientes foram acompanhados durante um ano.
Todos os pacientes foram convidados a participar, mas 12 deles foram excluídos. Daqueles que concordaram, foram seleccionados 43 pacientes com nefropatia diabética, 4,7% tinham diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e 95,3% tinham diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Esses pacientes também apresentaram outras patologias como doença cardiovascular, dislipidémia e doenças respiratórias. A população com nefropatia diabética incluiu 18 mulheres e 25 homens, com idade média de 72 ± 10 anos. Um paciente era fumador e 19 eram ex-fumadores. Daqueles que apresentaram doença cardiovascular, a hipertensão era farmacologicamente controlada em 24, embora os valores ainda fossem anormais em 20. O controlo farmacológico da hiperglicémia foi realizado com insulina, excepto para doze pacientes. Os pacientes com nefropatia diabética tenderam a ter excesso de peso, avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (25 pré-obesos e 7 obesos). As fístulas arteriovenosas foram o acesso venoso mais utilizado (25 em 43). Um dos pacientes foi sujeito a transplante renal há 15 anos.
Os dados obtidos, em comparação com os estudos realizados em Portugal e na Europa, revelam uma população idosa, que efectuou diálise a curto prazo (47 ± 38 meses) com elevada incidência de doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes mellitus, cuja etiologia maioritária é a nefropatia diabética (40,6%). Espera-se que este estudo venha contribuir para a compreensão da prática de hemodiálise em pacientes com nefropatia diabética.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies and it is associated with several comorbidities including renal disease and renal failure. Some patients with diabetic nephropathy need treatments such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and/or transplant. Our aim was to characterize the hemodyalisis diabetic population in the area. We performed an observational study of hemodyalised diabetic patients at NephroCare, Covilhã. All results are based on descriptive statistics for diabetic patients. Patients were followed for one year. All patients were invited to participate, but 12 of them declined. Of those who agreed, 43 were pacients with diabetic nephropathy, 4.7% had diabetes mellitus type 1 and 95.3% had diabetes mellitus type 2. These patients also had other pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and respiratory diseases. The population with diabetic nephropathy included 18 women and 25 men, with a mean age of 72 ± 10 years. One patient was a smoker and 19 were ex-smokers. Of those with cardiovascular disease, hypertension needed to be pharmacologically controlled in 24, even though values were still abnormal in 20. The pharmacologic control of hyperglycemia was done with insulin except for twelve patients. Hemodyalisis patients with diabetic nephropathy tended to be overweight as assessed by the body mass index (25 pre-obese and 7 obese). Arteriovenous fistulas were the most used venous access (25 in 43). One patient had a previous kidney transplant 15 years ago. The data obtained compared to other studies in Portugal and in Europe, shows an elderly population, in short-term dialysis (47 ± 38 months) with a high incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, with diabetic nephropathy being the major etiology (40.6%). We hope that this study will contribute to the understanding of the practice of hemodialysis in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies and it is associated with several comorbidities including renal disease and renal failure. Some patients with diabetic nephropathy need treatments such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and/or transplant. Our aim was to characterize the hemodyalisis diabetic population in the area. We performed an observational study of hemodyalised diabetic patients at NephroCare, Covilhã. All results are based on descriptive statistics for diabetic patients. Patients were followed for one year. All patients were invited to participate, but 12 of them declined. Of those who agreed, 43 were pacients with diabetic nephropathy, 4.7% had diabetes mellitus type 1 and 95.3% had diabetes mellitus type 2. These patients also had other pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and respiratory diseases. The population with diabetic nephropathy included 18 women and 25 men, with a mean age of 72 ± 10 years. One patient was a smoker and 19 were ex-smokers. Of those with cardiovascular disease, hypertension needed to be pharmacologically controlled in 24, even though values were still abnormal in 20. The pharmacologic control of hyperglycemia was done with insulin except for twelve patients. Hemodyalisis patients with diabetic nephropathy tended to be overweight as assessed by the body mass index (25 pre-obese and 7 obese). Arteriovenous fistulas were the most used venous access (25 in 43). One patient had a previous kidney transplant 15 years ago. The data obtained compared to other studies in Portugal and in Europe, shows an elderly population, in short-term dialysis (47 ± 38 months) with a high incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, with diabetic nephropathy being the major etiology (40.6%). We hope that this study will contribute to the understanding of the practice of hemodialysis in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
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Keywords
Doença renal Insuficiência renal crónica Hemodiálise Diabetes Mellitus - Insuficiência renal Covilhã - População hemodialisada - Estudo
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Universidade da Beira Interior