Loading...
5 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
- The Effects of Concurrent Resistance and Endurance Training Follow a Specific Detraining Cycle in Young School GirlsPublication . Santos, Albano; Marinho, Daniel; Costa, Aldo; Izquierdo, Mikel; Marques, MCThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of an 8-week training period of strength training alone (GR), or combined strength and endurance training (GCOM), followed by 12-weeks of de-training (DT) on body composition, power strength and VO2max adaptations in a schooled group of adolescent girls. Sixty-seven healthy girls recruited from a Portuguese public high school (age: 13.5+1.03 years, from 7(th) and 9th grade) were divided into three experimental groups to train twice a week for 8 wks: GR (n=21), GCOM (n=25) and a control group (GC: n=21; no training program). Anthropometric parameters variables as well as performance variables (strength and aerobic fitness) were assessed. No significant training-induced differences were observed in 1kg and 3kg medicine ball throw gains (2.7 to 10.8%) between GR and GCOM groups, whereas no significant changes were observed after a DT period in any of the experimental groups. Significant training-induced gains in CMVJ (8 to 12%) and CMSLJ (0.8 to 5.4%) were observed in the experimental groups. Time of 20m significantly decreased (GR: -11.5% and GCOM: -10%) after both treatment periods, whereas only the GR group kept the running speed after a DT period of 12 weeks. After training VO2max increased only slightly for GCOM (4.0%). No significant changes were observed after the DT period in all groups, except to GCOM in CMVJ and CMSLJ. Performing simultaneous strength and endurance training in the same workout does not appear to negatively influence power strength and aerobic fitness development in adolescent girls. Indeed, concurrent strength and endurance training seems to be an effective, well-rounded exercise program that can be prescribed as a means to improve initial or general strength in healthy school girls. De-training period was not sufficient to reduce the overall training effects.
- Somatotype is More Interactive with Strength than Fat Mass and Physical Activity in Peripubertal ChildrenPublication . Marta, Carlos C.; Marinho, Daniel; Costa, Aldo; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Marques, MCThe purpose of this study was to analyse the interaction between somatotype, body fat and physical activity in prepubescent children. This was a cross-sectional study design involving 312 children (160 girls, 152 boys) aged between 10 and 11.5 years old (10.8 ± 0.4 years old). Evaluation of body composition was done determining body mass index and body fat by means of skin-fold measurements, using the method described by Slaughter. Somatotype was computed according to the Carter's method. Physical activity was assessed with the Baecke questionnaire. The physical activity assessment employed sets of curl-ups, push-ups, standing broad jump, medicine ball throw, handgrip strength and Margaria-Kalamen power stair. There were negative associations for body fat, endomorphy and mesomorphy with curl-ups, push-ups and broad jump tests and positive associations with ball throw, handgrip strength and Margaria-Kalamen power tests. The associations for ectomorphy were the inverse of those for endomorphy and mesomorphy. Non obese children presented higher values for curl-ups, push-ups and standing broad jump. In medicine ball throw, handgrip strength and Margaria-Kalamen power test obese children presented higher scores, followed by children who were overweight. The mesoectomorphic boys and ectomesomorphic girls performed higher in all tests. The morphological typology presented more interactions with strength than % of body fat and physical activity. These data seem to suggest that the presence/absence of certain physical characteristics is crucial in the levels of motor provision in prepubescent children.
- Organização e metodologia de ensino da natação no 1º ciclo do ensino básico em PortugalPublication . Rocha, Helena Isabel Amaral; Marinho, Daniel; Ferreira, Sandra S.; Costa, AldoFoi objetivo deste estudo conhecer a organização e a metodologia de ensino da natação desenvolvida no âmbito da Expressão e Educação Físico-Motora no 1o ciclo do ensino básico (1o CEB) em Portugal. A amostra incluiu 89 responsáveis por escolas de natação municipais e 100 professores que ministram as respetivas aulas. Para aferir a organização e a metodologia de ensino foram aplicados dois questioná- rios, cujos resultados foram descritos com base em técnicas de análise estatística descritiva. Os resul- tados sugerem que a natação no 1o CEB rege-se sobretudo pelas orientações do Ministério da Educa- ção. A restrição orçamental (60.0%) e a dificuldade no transporte dos alunos da escola (54.0%) para a piscina são as razões mais apontadas para a supressão da natação. O ensino é dirigido fundamental- mente para o terceiro e quarto ano (80.1%), com aulas de frequência semanal (64.4%) em classes com um elevado número de alunos (13 a 16 alunos). Os principais objetivos das aulas estão relacionados com a adaptação ao meio aquático, privilegiando-se as habilidades aquáticas básicas (81.4%), num ensino pouco suportado em material pedagógico. Os dados relatados permitiram-nos identificar algumas insuficiências no enquadramento da natação no 1o CEB, provavelmente condicionantes da eficiência do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, ao nível da aquisição de habilidades aquáticas mais complexas.
- Relationships Between Vertical Jump Strength Metrics and 5 Meters Sprint TimePublication . Marques, MC; Gil, Maria Helena; Ramos, Rui J.; Costa, Aldo; Marinho, DanielThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between short sprint time (5 m) and strength metrics of the countermovement jump (CMJ) using a linear transducer in a group of trained athletes. Twenty-five male, trained subjects volunteered to participate in the study. Each volunteer performed 3 maximal CMJ trials on a Smith machine. Peak instantaneous power was calculated by the product of velocity taken with the linear transducer. For sprint testing, each subject performed three maximum 5 m sprints. Only the best attempt was considered in both tests. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients between 5 m sprint performance and strength metrics of the CMJ were generally positive and of clear moderate to strong magnitude (r = -0.664 to -0.801). More noticeable was the significant predictive value of bar displacement time (r= ∼0.70) to sprint performance. Nevertheless, a non-significant predictive value of peak bar velocity and rate of force development measurements was found. These results underline the important relationship between 5 m sprint and maximal lower body strength, as assessed by the force, power and bar velocity displacement. It is suggested that sprinting time performance would benefit from training regimens aimed to improve these performance qualities.
- Concentration of salivary cortisol and testosterone in elite women soccer players: Analysis of performance in official matchesPublication . Casanova, Natalina; Travassos, Bruno; Ferreira, S.S.; Garrido, Nuno; Costa, AldoThis study aims to evaluate the relation between salivary concentrations of cortisol (C), testosterone (T), the ratio T:C and the individual performance of top-level female soccer athletes during official matches. Eighteen female athletes from a national soccer team (age 23.06 ± 4.33 years) participated in the study. Four official matches were analysed and the on-field time of each player as well as the index of individual effectiveness were calculated. Players were classified in two clusters according to their individual performance (cluster 1 – poor individual performance; cluster 2 – good individual performance) using K-means and their hormonal variables were compared. The players of cluster 2 generally revealed higher values (p˂.05) in both the positive actions and individual effectiveness, when compared with the players of cluster 1. The players of both clusters presented identical values of C, T and T:C at the four evaluated matches. The athletes of cluster 2 showed a significant increase in C (p˂.05) and a significant decrease in T and T:C before the games lost (M2 and M5). However, there was no linear relation between the variation of both hormones during the matches and the individual performance of players. Performance in competition revealed significant differences between players, though with no apparent relation to the hormonal kinetics of C and T before and after the matches.