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- University-Industry Cooperation from a business perspective: a European approachPublication . Figueiredo, Natália de Lima; Fernandes, Cristina Isabel Miranda Abreu Soares; Abrantes, José Luís Mendes LoureiroCooperation between University-Industry (U-I) has been an area of interest for parts of the industry, higher education institutions, and governments insofar as it allows the development of companies and countries. Several reasons lead to U-I cooperation: product and process innovation, knowledge transfer (KT), and technology transfer. We currently live in a context of globalization and constant technological evolution, where financial, economic, political, and social crises significantly impact everyone's lives, individuals and companies. Thus, innovation is a crucial factor in competitiveness. To this end, companies establish partnerships with various agents, including universities. Knowledge management, innovation, and competitiveness, whether business or regions and countries, have been topics of much research and interest in the literature. Despite the numerous studies, this area has much to be explored, which is very fragmented. Therefore, further investigations will be needed to contribute to developing scientific knowledge of the U-I cooperation. The main objective of this research is to carry out a global analysis of the U-I cooperation process in the development of companies. Thus, it is analyzed the determinants considered crucial in cooperation, government role, and the impact of KT on the innovative capacities of companies. The study has the European space as its scope. Given the above, this dissertation will consist of 4 studies. The first is a systematic literature review (SLR) whose objective is to explore and describe the existing scientific literature on U-I cooperation and current and future trends within this theme. The results show that the analysis of the determinants that propitiate the UI cooperation is fundamental and that the government plays a crucial role in the development of the U-I cooperation with the universities. Also, the KT obtained by U-I cooperation has a predominant impact on companies' innovation on it is products and processes. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 adopted quantitative methodologies using the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) database analysis. Chapter 3 analyzed how the government plays an active role in creating knowledge and innovation through public funds. To this end, this study investigated the dynamics of relationships between Triple Helix agents, considering a business aspect. The analysis used STATA software to develop logistic regression models, and the results show that the government's role in U-I cooperation is fundamental. However, not all public funds have the same level of influence. Chapter 4 addressed the crucial determinants for U-I cooperation to develop, allowing companies to achieve competitive advantages. This analysis uses STATA software to create logistic regression models. This study indicates that the size of companies, Research & Development activities (internal and external), exports, and obtaining public funds are determining factors for companies to establish U-I cooperation. Chapter 5 analyzes the role of KT in the innovative capacity of companies and the influence of absorptive capacity (AC) as a moderating variable. This study used SPSS and Hayes' PROCESS software to analyze the hypotheses proposed through the development of logistic regression models. The results show that national and international KT positively impacts the development of product and process innovation. On the other hand, AC is considered a moderating variable when U-I cooperation is with universities of the same country because it impacts the relationship between national KT and innovative capabilities. The same does not happen when U-I cooperation is with universities from another European Union (EU) country, especially in products. The conclusions have important theoretical and practical implications. At the theoretical level, it identifies and fills gaps in the literature. On a practical level, it supports companies, policymakers, and universities in implementing measures that allow U-I cooperation under the best conditions, enabling companies to acquire new knowledge, skills, and advantages to grow and be competitive. Finally, future lines of investigation are exposed, as well as the limitations observed.