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- Constructing home safety indices for strategic planning in residential real estate: A socio-technical approachPublication . Oliveira, Inês A. S. J.; Carayannis, Elias; Ferreira, Fernando A. F.; Jalali, Marjan; Carlicci, Daniela; Ferreira, João José de MatosResidential safety and perceptions thereof directly influence the daily habits of an area's residents, as well as its levels of economic activity, and the revenue generated and traded in its real estate. These variables, in turn, impact the flows of local population, and ultimately the socio-economic development of the region. Although residential safety, and its determinants in particular, have been widely studied, many of the existing contributions recorded are seen as restrictive in terms of the manner in which the evaluation criteria are identified, and the relationships between them analyzed. The current study aims to address these issues, through the integrated application of cognitive mapping techniques and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Based on group sessions involving a panel of urban planners and residential safety experts, and taking on a constructivist approach, a residential safety evaluation system was created, tested and validated, revealing promising results for the identification of the safest residential areas. The advantages and limitations of the methodological proposal presented are also discussed.
- Enhancing the decision-making virtuous cycle of ethical banking practices using the Choquet integralPublication . Ferreira, João José de Matos; Jalali, Marjan; Ferreira, Fernando A. F.Although increasingly demanded of the sector, aligning ethical management and ethical principles in the banking activity is a challenging endeavor, due to the existence of conflicts of interest. Grounded on a previously developed cognitive map on ethical banking practices (Ferreira et al., 2016a), the current study uses the Choquet integral—a non-additive multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) operator—to help prioritize and weight the determinants of ethical banking. The results of the performance evaluation conducted on the ethical practices of the four largest banks operating in Portugal, confirm that the use of the Choquet integral allows for the improvement of the evaluation stage of the decision-making virtuous cycle of ethical banking. Strengths and limitations of the framework are also discussed.
- Developing a socio-technical evaluation index for tourist destination competitiveness using cognitive mapping and MCDAPublication . Carayannis, Elias G.; Ferreira, Fernando A. F.; Bento, Paulo; Ferreira, João José de Matos; Jalali, Marjan; Fernandes, Bernardo M.Q.The tourism sector has experienced remarkable growth over the past few years. Its relevance to the economy of a wide range of countries has made it the subject of analysis of researchers and tourist destination managers alike; in part, due to the increasing competition among tourist destinations. Interest has thus emerged in the design, development and application of methodologies that might allow the competitiveness of tourist destinations to be evaluated. Notwithstanding, many studies reveal shortfalls with regard to the definition and weighting of evaluation criteria. By combining knowledge- and experience-based techniques (i.e. cognitive mapping and the measuring attractiveness by a categorical based evaluation technique (MACBETH)), this study follows a socio-technical approach, aiming to create a consistent evaluation index for tourist destinations, as a measure of their competitiveness. Grounded on a real-world application, the results were validated both by a panel of experts and the head of one of the largest travel agencies operating in Portugal, and show that cognitive mapping allows the cause-and-effect relationships between determinants of tourist destination competitiveness to be better understood, while MACBETH introduces realism into the calculation of the respective trade-offs. The limitations and managerial implications of the system created are also discussed.
- MCDA in knowledge-based economies: Methodological developments and real world applicationsPublication . Carayannis, Elias G.; Ferreira, João; Jalali, Marjan; Ferreira, Fernando A. F.The importance of knowledge in creating value, driving productivity and promoting economic growth has long been recognized. Accompanying this recognition of the central role of knowledge in today's economies has been an added focus on information technology, learning and the accelerated pace of technical and scientific advance that results therefrom. Closely connected to these developments has been the advent of big data; and as information becomes available at greater volumes and higher speed, the focus is shifting from quantity to the quality of the information collected and the manner in which it is used. In this respect, Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) techniques constitute valuable tools for structuring and evaluating complex decision situations, and can allow for more informed, potentially better decisions. MCDA techniques are able to build on the knowledge of expert participants in a given field, and produce assessment systems based on values and experience. Constructivist in nature, this approach has grown exponentially over the past few decades, causing a change in the decision-making arena in general, and in the field of decision support systems (DSS) in particular. The objective of this special issue is to bring together recent developments and methodological contributions within MCDA, with the challenges which characterize the knowledge-based economy, as they pertain to the themes of technological forecasting and social change.