| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.53 MB | Adobe PDF | |||
| 1.53 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente relatório descreve as actividades desenvolvidas no âmbito do meu estágio
curricular inserido no Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Encontra-se dividido em
três capítulos que correspondem ao trabalho desenvolvido nas áreas de investigação, farmácia
comunitária e farmácia hospitalar.
No primeiro capítulo (I) está descrito todo o trabalho desenvolvido no âmbito do estágio
curricular na componente de investigação desenvolvida no Centro de Investigação em Ciências
da Saúde da Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Covilhã.
A depressão é uma das doenças psiquiátricas mais prevalentes e caracteriza-se por
sentimentos de perda do interesse, tristeza ou culpa, interferindo com o dia-a-dia habitual
dos indivíduos que sofrem desta doença. O seu tratamento faz-se essencialmente através de
psicoterapia e farmacoterapia, sendo que, hoje em dia, a farmacoterapia antidepressiva para
estas patologias possui várias classes de fármacos, entre elas os antidepressivos tricíclicos.
Estes actuam através da inibição dos receptores de serotonina e noradrenalina, levando ao
seu aumento na fenda sináptica. A clomipramina é um dos fármacos pertencentes a esta
classe farmacológica, sendo bastante utilizada no tratamento da depressão e de outras
doenças tais como desordens obsessivo-compulsivas ou ataques de pânico. O Hypericum
perforatum, vulgarmente designado por hipericão ou erva de São João, é uma planta
medicinal amplamente consumida a nível mundial e tradicionalmente utilizada para o
tratamento de depressões leves a moderadas. No entanto, esta planta é muitas vezes
utilizada concomitantemente com fármacos, levando à ocorrência de muitas interacções
farmacológicas.
Este trabalho teve como objectivo avaliar a citotoxicidade da clomipramina e do Hypericum
perforatum nas células HepG2 e Caco-2, quando incubados isoladamente ou em conjunto,
através de ensaios de MTT. Para tal, a citotoxicidade dos compostos incluídos no estudo foi
avaliada a diferentes concentrações: 1, 10, 100 e 200 µM de clomipramina; 1 e 10 µM de
Hypericum perforatum; e 1/1 e 10/10 µM de clomipramina e Hypericum perforatum
simultaneamente, cada uma das quais foi estudada em diferentes tempos de incubação: 12,
24, 48 e 72 h.
De um modo geral, os resultados obtidos mostraram que tanto a clomipramina como o
Hypericum perforatum podem ser citotóxicos em ambas as linhas celulares, dependendo quer
da concentração quer do tempo de incubação das células com esses compostos. Além disso,
em ambas as linhas celulares, a citotoxicidade resultante da incubação com ambos os
compostos segue um perfil relativamente semelhante comparativamente à incubação das
células apenas com extracto de hipericão. O capítulo II descreve todas as actividades desempenhadas durante o estágio curricular em farmácia comunitária efectuado na Farmácia Pereira Martins, em Torres Novas, entre 16 de Junho e 29 de Agosto de 2014.
O capítulo III reflecte todas as actividades desenvolvidas e as capacidades adquiridas durante o estágio curricular realizado nos serviços farmacêuticos do Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira, na Covilhã, entre 1 de Setembro e 24 de Outubro de 2014.
The present dissertation describes all the activities carried out during my curricular training integrated in the curricular plan of the Pharmaceutical Sciences Master’s degree. It is divided into three main chapters, corresponding to the work developed in the research area and community and hospital pharmacies. The first chapter (I) describes all the results obtained during the curricular training in the Health Sciences Research Centre of University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Covilhã. Depression is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and it is mainly characterized by feelings of loss of interest, sadness or guilt, thus interfering with the normal daily life of individuals which suffer from this disease. Usually, its treatment involves psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Currently, the antidepressant pharmacotherapy for these pathologies includes many classes of drugs, such as tricyclic antidepressants, which act through the inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine receptors, leading to an increase of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. Clomipramine is one of the drugs belonging to this pharmacological class and it is widely used in the treatment of depression and other conditions such as obsessive compulsive disorders or panic attacks. The Hypericum perforatum, usually referred St. John's wort, is a medicinal plant very consumed worldwide and extensively used in the tradicional treatment of depression. However, it is often used concurrently with various drugs leading to the occurrence of many pharmacological drug interactions. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of clomipramine and Hypericum perforatum in HepG2 and Caco-2 cells when incubated alone or together, through MTT assays. The cytotoxicity of the compounds, clomipramine and/or Hypericum perforatum, were evaluated at different concentrations: 1, 10, 100 and 200 µM of clomipramine; 1 and 10 µM of Hypericum perforatum; and 1/1 and 10/10 µM of clomipramine and Hypericum perforatum simultaneously, each of them at different periods of incubation: 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Overall, the results showed that both clomipramine and Hypericum perforatum may be cytotoxic in both cell lines, depending on the concentration and on the incubation period. Also, the incubation with both compounds seems to follows a relative similar pattern comparing to the isolated incubation with Hypericum perforatum extract. The second chapter (II) describes all the activities performed during the curricular training in a community pharmacy, Farmácia Pereira Martins, in Torres Novas, between June 16th and August 29th 2014. The third chapter (III) reflects all the activities developed and all the skills acquired during the training held in the pharmaceutical services of the Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira, in Covilhã, between September 1st and October 24th 2014.
The present dissertation describes all the activities carried out during my curricular training integrated in the curricular plan of the Pharmaceutical Sciences Master’s degree. It is divided into three main chapters, corresponding to the work developed in the research area and community and hospital pharmacies. The first chapter (I) describes all the results obtained during the curricular training in the Health Sciences Research Centre of University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Covilhã. Depression is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and it is mainly characterized by feelings of loss of interest, sadness or guilt, thus interfering with the normal daily life of individuals which suffer from this disease. Usually, its treatment involves psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Currently, the antidepressant pharmacotherapy for these pathologies includes many classes of drugs, such as tricyclic antidepressants, which act through the inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine receptors, leading to an increase of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. Clomipramine is one of the drugs belonging to this pharmacological class and it is widely used in the treatment of depression and other conditions such as obsessive compulsive disorders or panic attacks. The Hypericum perforatum, usually referred St. John's wort, is a medicinal plant very consumed worldwide and extensively used in the tradicional treatment of depression. However, it is often used concurrently with various drugs leading to the occurrence of many pharmacological drug interactions. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of clomipramine and Hypericum perforatum in HepG2 and Caco-2 cells when incubated alone or together, through MTT assays. The cytotoxicity of the compounds, clomipramine and/or Hypericum perforatum, were evaluated at different concentrations: 1, 10, 100 and 200 µM of clomipramine; 1 and 10 µM of Hypericum perforatum; and 1/1 and 10/10 µM of clomipramine and Hypericum perforatum simultaneously, each of them at different periods of incubation: 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Overall, the results showed that both clomipramine and Hypericum perforatum may be cytotoxic in both cell lines, depending on the concentration and on the incubation period. Also, the incubation with both compounds seems to follows a relative similar pattern comparing to the isolated incubation with Hypericum perforatum extract. The second chapter (II) describes all the activities performed during the curricular training in a community pharmacy, Farmácia Pereira Martins, in Torres Novas, between June 16th and August 29th 2014. The third chapter (III) reflects all the activities developed and all the skills acquired during the training held in the pharmaceutical services of the Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira, in Covilhã, between September 1st and October 24th 2014.
Description
Keywords
Caco-2 Citotoxicidade Clomipramina Ensaios de Mtt Extracto Hidroalcoólico de Hypericum Perforatum Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Hepg2