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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Síndrome de Burnout (SB) é uma condição psicológica caracterizada por
um estado de exaustão emocional, física e mental devido ao stress crónico no local de
trabalho, frequentemente associada a profissionais que lidam com uma alta exigência
emocional e uma pressão constante, como profissionais da área da saúde. Os estudantes
de medicina constituem-se como um alvo vulnerável à SB devido a uma combinação de
fatores académicos, emocionais e sociais que caracterizam a formação médica. O curso
de medicina é notoriamente exigente e os estudantes enfrentam pressões intensas que
podem contribuir significativamente para o desenvolvimento da SB. Na esfera individual,
o stress académico tem vindo a ser relacionado com a SB, no entanto manifesta-se a
necessidade de explorar mais as especificidades desta relação.
Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre o stress académico e a SB em estudantes de
medicina.
Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal de natureza descritiva. Foi aplicado um
questionário online entre dezembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022. Os participantes são
estudantes de Medicina da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade da Beira
Interior (FCS-UBI) e da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra (FM-UC).
Os instrumentos usados foram um Questionário de Dados Sociodemográficos e
Académicos, Inventário de Fontes de Stress Académico no Curso de Medicina (IFSAM e
a Escala de Burnout de Maslach para Estudantes (EBM)). Foram executadas análises de
estatística descritiva e inferencial através do sistema informático Statistical Package for
the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 28.0 para Windows.
Resultados: Na amostra participaram 336 estudantes (média de idade 21.88±3.46,
82.1% mulheres), do 1º ao 6º ano, dos cursos de medicina (FM-UC) (n= 257, 76.5%) e da
(FCS-UBI) (n= 79, 23.5%). Os níveis de SB são elevados, sendo mais elevados em alunos
do sexo feminino, mais novos, que frequentam anos pré-clínicos. Relativamente ao Stress
Académico observou-se que estão relacionadas as variáveis do desejo de abandonar o
curso, da automedicação, do rendimento académico e da nacionalidade, sendo que o
modelo explica 16.7% da variância. Observa-se uma relação significativa entre o stress
académico e a SB sendo que o modelo explica 29% da variância. Outras variáveis
relacionadas com a SB são a satisfação com o curso e o rendimento académico.
Conclusões: A SB é amplamente prevalente entre os estudantes de medicina. Foi
possível de identificar diferenças na prevalência de SB entre subgrupos das variáveis sexo e idade (mais elevadas no sexo feminino e nos mais novos). Verificou-se uma relação
estatisticamente significativa entre o stress académico e a SB. A alta incidência de SB
nesta população indica uma necessidade urgente de rever o nível de exigência dos cursos,
assim como a dinamização de programas de prevenção e tratamento da SB, incluindo
medidas para equipar os estudantes com as estratégias efetivas para uma melhor gestão
do stress académico.
Introduction: Burnout Syndrome (BS) is a psychological condition characterized by a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion due to chronic workplace stress. It is often associated with professionals who deal with high emotional demands and constant pressure, such as healthcare workers. Medical students are particularly vulnerable to BS due to a combination of academic, emotional, and social factors that characterize medical training. The medical course is notoriously demanding, and students face intense pressures that can significantly contribute to the development of BS. On an individual level, academic stress has been linked to BS. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between academic stress and BS in medical students. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study. An online questionnaire was administered between December 2021 and January 2022. Participants were medical students from the Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) at the University of Beira Interior and the Faculty of Medicine (FM-UC) at the University of Coimbra. The instruments used were a Sociodemographic and Academic Data Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Scale for Students (MBS), and the Inventory of Sources of Academic Stress in the Medical Course (ISASM). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 28.0 for Windows. Results: The sample consisted of 336 students (mean age 21.88±3.46, 82.1% women), from the 1st to the 6th year, from the medical courses of FM-UC (n=257, 76.5%) and FCSUBI (n=79, 23.5%). SB levels are high, being higher in female students, younger students, and those attending pre-clinical years. Regarding Academic Stress, the variables of the desire to drop out, self-medication, academic performance and nationality were found to be related, with the model explaining 16.7% of the variance. There is a significant relationship between academic stress and SB with the model explaining 29% of the variance. Other variables related to SB include course satisfaction and academic performance. Conclusions: BS is widely prevalent among medical students. Variations in the prevalence of BS were identified among different subgroups (e.g., female students, younger students). A statistically significant relationship between BS and academic stress was identified. The high incidence of BS in this population indicates an urgent need to revisit existing policies regarding the demands of medical courses, as well as to promote BS prevention programs using various resources to equip students with key skills for better academic stress management.
Introduction: Burnout Syndrome (BS) is a psychological condition characterized by a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion due to chronic workplace stress. It is often associated with professionals who deal with high emotional demands and constant pressure, such as healthcare workers. Medical students are particularly vulnerable to BS due to a combination of academic, emotional, and social factors that characterize medical training. The medical course is notoriously demanding, and students face intense pressures that can significantly contribute to the development of BS. On an individual level, academic stress has been linked to BS. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between academic stress and BS in medical students. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study. An online questionnaire was administered between December 2021 and January 2022. Participants were medical students from the Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) at the University of Beira Interior and the Faculty of Medicine (FM-UC) at the University of Coimbra. The instruments used were a Sociodemographic and Academic Data Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Scale for Students (MBS), and the Inventory of Sources of Academic Stress in the Medical Course (ISASM). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 28.0 for Windows. Results: The sample consisted of 336 students (mean age 21.88±3.46, 82.1% women), from the 1st to the 6th year, from the medical courses of FM-UC (n=257, 76.5%) and FCSUBI (n=79, 23.5%). SB levels are high, being higher in female students, younger students, and those attending pre-clinical years. Regarding Academic Stress, the variables of the desire to drop out, self-medication, academic performance and nationality were found to be related, with the model explaining 16.7% of the variance. There is a significant relationship between academic stress and SB with the model explaining 29% of the variance. Other variables related to SB include course satisfaction and academic performance. Conclusions: BS is widely prevalent among medical students. Variations in the prevalence of BS were identified among different subgroups (e.g., female students, younger students). A statistically significant relationship between BS and academic stress was identified. The high incidence of BS in this population indicates an urgent need to revisit existing policies regarding the demands of medical courses, as well as to promote BS prevention programs using various resources to equip students with key skills for better academic stress management.
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Keywords
Estudantes de Medicina Síndrome de Burnout Stress Académico