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Publication
Sexualidade e Cuidados Paliativos em Doentes Oncológicos: Uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura
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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A sexualidade desempenha um papel significativo na qualidade de vida (QV)
das pessoas, no entanto, a sua integração nos cuidados paliativos é desafiadora,
nomeadamente pela presença de preconceitos e estereótipos difundidos sobre a sexualidade
das pessoas sob esses cuidados. Explorar a interseção entre sexualidade e cuidados
paliativos é imperativo para uma compreensão abrangente da QV em pacientes com
doenças avançadas. Esta revisão sistemática de literatura visa contribuir para cuidados mais
holísticos, promovendo a dignidade e respeito pelos valores e desejos do paciente.
Objetivo: A presente revisão visa analisar a interação entre sexualidade e cuidados
paliativos, investigando as barreiras à expressão dessa mesma sexualidade em pacientes
nesse contexto, identificando desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais ao abordar esse tema
e explorando práticas ou estratégias adotadas para superar obstáculos e aprimorar a QV dos
pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Esta revisão procura motivar investigações futuras sobre
o papel crucial da sexualidade nos cuidados paliativos.
Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica em novembro de 2024 nas
bases de dados B-on, Elsevier Scopus e PubMed, utilizando combinações de palavras-chave
relacionadas com sexualidade e cuidados paliativos em doentes oncológicos. Incluíram-se
artigos publicados entre 2014 e novembro de 2024, em inglês, espanhol e português, que
abordassem a função sexual de doentes oncológicos em estágio avançado ou terminal, sob
cuidados paliativos. Foram excluídos estudos sobre pacientes não oncológicos, em estágio
inicial ou sobreviventes de cancro. De um total de 479 artigos, incluíram-se 10 que cumprem
os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos.
Resultados e Discussão: Os estudos demonstram que a saúde sexual de pacientes com
cancro avançado em cuidados paliativos é frequentemente negligenciada, apesar dos
pacientes expressarem necessidade de informação e apoio nesta área. A expressão sexual, a
proximidade emocional e a intimidade permanecem importantes para o paciente, mesmo
com as alterações na função sexual decorrentes da doença. Existem barreiras à abordagem
da sexualidade, como a falta de formação dos profissionais de saúde e tabus sociais. É
crucial haver uma mudança para integrar a sexualidade nos cuidados paliativos, com
estratégias de intervenção eficazes, de forma a promover a QV e bem-estar do paciente.
Conclusão: A sexualidade permanece importante para os doentes oncológicos em
cuidados paliativos, com impacto positivo na sua QV. No entanto, é parcamente discutida devido à falta de habilitação de profissionais de saúde, estigmas e tabus. Estratégias
baseadas no rastreio destas dificuldades e na educação podem melhorar a abordagem,
demandando mais pesquisas para a sua efetividade.
Introduction: Sexuality plays a significant role in people's quality of life (QoL), however, its integration into palliative care is challenging, particularly due to the presence of widespread prejudices and stereotypes about the sexuality of people under such care. Exploring the intersection between sexuality and palliative care is imperative for a comprehensive understanding of QoL in patients with advanced illness. This systematic literature review aims to contribute to more holistic care, promoting dignity and respect for the patient's values and desires. Objective: This review aims to analyze the interaction between sexuality and palliative care, investigating the barriers to the expression of this same sexuality in patients in this context, identifying challenges faced by professionals when approaching this topic and exploring practices or strategies adopted to overcome obstacles and improve patients' QoL in palliative care. This review seeks to motivate future investigations into the crucial role of sexuality in palliative care. Material and Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out in November 2024 in the B-on, Elsevier Scopus and PubMed databases, using combinations of keywords related to sexuality and palliative care in cancer patients. Articles published between 2014 and November 2024, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, were included, which addressed the sexual function of cancer patients in advanced or terminal stages, under palliative care. Studies on non-cancer patients, early-stage cancer patients or cancer survivors were excluded. Of a total of 479 articles, 10 were included that met the established inclusion criteria. Results and Discussion: Studies show that the sexual health of patients with advanced cancer in palliative care is often neglected, despite patients expressing a need for information and support in this area. Sexual expression, emotional closeness and intimacy remain important to the patient, even with changes in sexual function resulting from the disease. There are barriers to addressing sexuality, such as the lack of training of health professionals and social taboos. It is crucial that there is a change to integrate sexuality into palliative care, with effective intervention strategies, in order to promote the patient's QoL and well-being. Conclusion: Sexuality remains important for cancer patients in palliative care, with a positive impact on their QoL. However, it is rarely discussed due to the lack of qualifications of health professionals, stigmas and taboos. Strategies based on tracking these difficulties and education can improve the approach, requiring more research for their effectiveness.
Introduction: Sexuality plays a significant role in people's quality of life (QoL), however, its integration into palliative care is challenging, particularly due to the presence of widespread prejudices and stereotypes about the sexuality of people under such care. Exploring the intersection between sexuality and palliative care is imperative for a comprehensive understanding of QoL in patients with advanced illness. This systematic literature review aims to contribute to more holistic care, promoting dignity and respect for the patient's values and desires. Objective: This review aims to analyze the interaction between sexuality and palliative care, investigating the barriers to the expression of this same sexuality in patients in this context, identifying challenges faced by professionals when approaching this topic and exploring practices or strategies adopted to overcome obstacles and improve patients' QoL in palliative care. This review seeks to motivate future investigations into the crucial role of sexuality in palliative care. Material and Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out in November 2024 in the B-on, Elsevier Scopus and PubMed databases, using combinations of keywords related to sexuality and palliative care in cancer patients. Articles published between 2014 and November 2024, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, were included, which addressed the sexual function of cancer patients in advanced or terminal stages, under palliative care. Studies on non-cancer patients, early-stage cancer patients or cancer survivors were excluded. Of a total of 479 articles, 10 were included that met the established inclusion criteria. Results and Discussion: Studies show that the sexual health of patients with advanced cancer in palliative care is often neglected, despite patients expressing a need for information and support in this area. Sexual expression, emotional closeness and intimacy remain important to the patient, even with changes in sexual function resulting from the disease. There are barriers to addressing sexuality, such as the lack of training of health professionals and social taboos. It is crucial that there is a change to integrate sexuality into palliative care, with effective intervention strategies, in order to promote the patient's QoL and well-being. Conclusion: Sexuality remains important for cancer patients in palliative care, with a positive impact on their QoL. However, it is rarely discussed due to the lack of qualifications of health professionals, stigmas and taboos. Strategies based on tracking these difficulties and education can improve the approach, requiring more research for their effectiveness.
Description
Keywords
Cuidados Holísticos Cuidados Paliativos Doença Avançada Doentes Oncológicos Intimidade Saúde Sexual Sexualidade