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Abstract(s)
A doença de Parkinson é uma doença neurodegenerativa que afeta o controlo dos
movimentos, caracterizando-se por sintomas motores como tremor em repouso,
bradicinesia, rigidez e instabilidade postural, assim como sintomas não motores. Em
Portugal, um estudo publicado em 2017 estima uma prevalência de quase 20 mil indivíduos
afetados pela doença.
Atualmente, existem medicamentos utilizados na gestão do doente com Parkinson,
no entanto, se por um lado a sua eficácia vai diminuindo com a progressão da doença, por
outro a sua utilização não consegue atrasar ou travar o processo neurodegenerativo, não
existindo ainda nenhum tratamento que modifique a história natural da doença.
Neste contexto, há um interesse crescente na abordagem dietética, surgindo
evidências da sua influência nos sintomas na doença de Parkinson, tendo-se vindo a
investigar cada vez mais o papel das dietas cetogénicas.
O principal objetivo das dietas cetogénicas é atingir um estado de cetose nutricional,
sendo caracterizado pela formação e acumulação de corpos cetónicos através da oxidação
excessiva de ácidos gordos por diminuição da ingestão de hidratos de carbono.
Nesta revisa~o, pretende-se reunir evide^ncia no que respeita a` influe^ncia das dietas
cetogénicas na doença de Parkinson, objetivando-se numa primeira fase compreender e
aprofundar os efeitos destas na doença de Parkinson e, seguidamente, analisar os
mecanismos subjacentes a esta relação, mais concretamente em que medida os efeitos na
doença poderão ser mediados por alterações na microbiota intestinal.
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affects movement control, characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability, as well as non-motor symptoms. In Portugal, a study published in 2017 estimated a prevalence of almost 20 thousand individuals affected by the disease. Currently, there are drugs used in the management of patients with Parkinson's, however, if on one hand, their effectiveness decreases with the progression of the disease, on the other hand, their use cannot delay or stop the neurodegenerative process and therefore there is still no treatment that modifies the natural history of the disease. In this context, there is a growing interest in the dietary approach, as evidence of its influence on Parkinson’s disease symptoms emerge, and with ketogenic diets being increasingly investigated. The main goal of ketogenic diets is to reach a state of nutritional ketosis, which is characterized by the generation and accumulation of ketone bodies through excessive oxidation of fatty acids by decreasing carbohydrate intake. This review aims to gather evidence regarding the influence of ketogenic diets on Parkinson's disease, by firstly focusing on understanding and deepen their effects on Parkinson's disease and then, in analyzing the mechanisms underlying this relationship, more specifically to what extent the effects on disease may be mediated by changes in the gut microbiota.
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affects movement control, characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability, as well as non-motor symptoms. In Portugal, a study published in 2017 estimated a prevalence of almost 20 thousand individuals affected by the disease. Currently, there are drugs used in the management of patients with Parkinson's, however, if on one hand, their effectiveness decreases with the progression of the disease, on the other hand, their use cannot delay or stop the neurodegenerative process and therefore there is still no treatment that modifies the natural history of the disease. In this context, there is a growing interest in the dietary approach, as evidence of its influence on Parkinson’s disease symptoms emerge, and with ketogenic diets being increasingly investigated. The main goal of ketogenic diets is to reach a state of nutritional ketosis, which is characterized by the generation and accumulation of ketone bodies through excessive oxidation of fatty acids by decreasing carbohydrate intake. This review aims to gather evidence regarding the influence of ketogenic diets on Parkinson's disease, by firstly focusing on understanding and deepen their effects on Parkinson's disease and then, in analyzing the mechanisms underlying this relationship, more specifically to what extent the effects on disease may be mediated by changes in the gut microbiota.
Description
Keywords
Cetose Nutricional Corpos Cetónicos Dieta Cetogénica Doença de Parkinson Microbiota Intestinal