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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A transexualidade é uma perturbação de identidade de género na qual o sexo
atribuído à nascença, ou seja, o sexo genético, não corresponde à identidade psicológica,
como homem ou mulher, com que o indivíduo se identifica. Devido ao desconforto sentido
pelo próprio com o seu corpo, o mesmo procura a terapia hormonal com estrogénios e antiandrogéneos, no caso das mulheres transexuais, e de androgéneos, no caso dos homens
transexuais, e análogos de GnRH. Estas hormonas, como consequência, provocam várias
alterações no nosso organismo, realçando o seu impacto no perfil lipídico, podendo alterar
o risco cardiovascular desta população.
Objetivo: Estudar o impacto da terapia hormonal no perfil lipídico e, como consequência,
no risco cardiovascular em transexuais.
Métodos: Este estudo incluiu um total de 15 artigos, obtidos através de uma pesquisa com
as palavras-chave “Transgendered Persons”, “Transsexualism”, “Cardiovascular” e
“Lipids”, na plataforma PubMed e tendo em conta os critérios de inclusão e exclusão
estabelecidos.
Resultados: Dos 15 artigos selecionados, 3 tinham como população alvo adolescentes,
enquanto que os restantes 12 artigos eram referentes a adultos. Destes 12, 10 analisaram o
impacto em homens e mulheres transexuais, 1 apenas analisou mulheres transexuais e 4
analisaram unicamente homens transexuais. Os resultados relativos ao perfil lipídico foram
muito variados, sendo por vezes até controversos.
Discussão: Os dados analisados demonstraram uma relação positiva entre o uso da terapia
hormonal em mulheres transexuais e a diminuição do risco cardiovascular. No referente aos
homens transexuais, o risco cardiovascular, na maioria dos estudos analisados, aumenta
devido às alterações sofridas ao nível do perfil lipídico. No entanto, existiram algumas
limitações ao estudo que podem ter influenciado o seu resultado.
Conclusão: O efeito da terapia hormonal nesta população é ainda insuficientemente
compreendido, pois apesar das variadas evidências de que existe um impacto ao nível do
perfil lipídico e, consequentemente, no risco cardiovascular, os resultados não são coerentes
entre si. Assim, é necessário continuar a investigar mais sobre esta temática tão urgente.
Introduction: Transsexuality is a gender identity disorder in which the sex assigned at birth, i.e. the genetic sex, does not correspond to the psychological identity as male or female with which the individual identifies. Due to the discomfort they feel with their body, they seek hormone therapy with oestrogens and anti-androgens, in the case of transsexual women, and androgens, in the case of transsexual men, and GnRH analogues. As a result, these hormones cause various changes in our bodies, particularly on the lipid profile, which can alter the cardiovascular risk of this population. Objective: To study the impact of hormone therapy on the lipid profile and, consequently on cardiovascular risk, in transsexuals. Methods: This study included a total of 15 articles, obtained through a search using the keywords "Transgendered Persons", "Transsexualism", "Cardiovascular" and "Lipids", on the PubMed platform and taking into account the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Of the 15 articles selected, 3 had adolescents as their target population, while the remaining 12 articles referred to adults. Of these 12, 10 analyzed the impact on transsexual men and women, 1 only analyzed transsexual women and 4 only analyzed transsexual men. The results regarding the lipid profile were very varied, sometimes even controversial. Discussion: The data analyzed showed a positive relationship between the use of hormone therapy in transsexual women and a reduction in cardiovascular risk. With regard to transsexual men, in most of the studies analyzed, cardiovascular risk increases due to changes in lipid profile. However, there were some limitations to the study which may have influenced its outcome. Conclusion: The effect of hormone therapy in this population is still insufficiently understood, because despite the varied evidence that there is an impact on the lipid profile and, consequently, on cardiovascular risk, the results are not consistent with each other. It is therefore necessary to carry out further research into this urgent subject.
Introduction: Transsexuality is a gender identity disorder in which the sex assigned at birth, i.e. the genetic sex, does not correspond to the psychological identity as male or female with which the individual identifies. Due to the discomfort they feel with their body, they seek hormone therapy with oestrogens and anti-androgens, in the case of transsexual women, and androgens, in the case of transsexual men, and GnRH analogues. As a result, these hormones cause various changes in our bodies, particularly on the lipid profile, which can alter the cardiovascular risk of this population. Objective: To study the impact of hormone therapy on the lipid profile and, consequently on cardiovascular risk, in transsexuals. Methods: This study included a total of 15 articles, obtained through a search using the keywords "Transgendered Persons", "Transsexualism", "Cardiovascular" and "Lipids", on the PubMed platform and taking into account the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Of the 15 articles selected, 3 had adolescents as their target population, while the remaining 12 articles referred to adults. Of these 12, 10 analyzed the impact on transsexual men and women, 1 only analyzed transsexual women and 4 only analyzed transsexual men. The results regarding the lipid profile were very varied, sometimes even controversial. Discussion: The data analyzed showed a positive relationship between the use of hormone therapy in transsexual women and a reduction in cardiovascular risk. With regard to transsexual men, in most of the studies analyzed, cardiovascular risk increases due to changes in lipid profile. However, there were some limitations to the study which may have influenced its outcome. Conclusion: The effect of hormone therapy in this population is still insufficiently understood, because despite the varied evidence that there is an impact on the lipid profile and, consequently, on cardiovascular risk, the results are not consistent with each other. It is therefore necessary to carry out further research into this urgent subject.
Description
Keywords
Lipidos Risco Cardiovascular Terapia Hormonal Transexuais Transexualidade