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Abstract(s)
A oclusão da veia central da retina é uma patologia ocular que provoca bloqueio da circulação sanguínea retiniana causada por obstrução da veia central da retina ou, consequentemente, dos seus ramos. Esta, subdivide-se em: isquémica ou não-isquémica, dependendo do grau de oclusão da veia, sendo a primeira a mais alarmante. A oclusão pode ocorrer em torno de toda a área vascularizada da retina, desde a artéria central da retina á veia central da retina, sendo que a localização da oclusão permite enquadrar esta patologia num quadro clínico específico e característico.
Esta patologia é muito característica de determinadas doenças pré-existentes que proporcionam o desenvolvimento de alterações vasculares. Quando as doenças interagem com a organização celular das estruturas das veias e artérias podem provocar o rompimento desta barreira e levar ao derrame dos líquidos internos. Esses líquidos ao serem absorvidos pelos tecidos em redor provocam um inchaço dessas camadas evoluindo para um edema generalizado com lesões permanentes.
A perda repentina de visão unilateral é o principal sintoma que o paciente apresenta, e assim que detetada essa falta o paciente deve dirigir-se ou ser reencaminhado para um oftalmologista com caracter de urgência. É importante salientar que nem sempre esta perda é reversível, tal como nem sempre a sua melhora de visão é significativa. Esta patologia apresenta sempre um prognóstico muito reservado. O fator tempo é determinante para que o paciente tenha melhoria de visão nos períodos seguintes, ou seja quanto mais rápido for realizado o tratamento mais eficaz poderá ser.
The central retinal vein occlusion is an eye disease that blocs the bloodstream caused by an obstruction of the retinal central vein or of its ramifications. This disease can be classified as schematic or non-schematic, being the first one more dangerous. The occlusion may occur around the entire vascularized area of the retina from the central retinal artery to the central vein of the retina. The location of the occlusion allows you to consider this pathology in a very specific clinical status. This condition is very characteristic of certain pre-existing pathologies which provide the development of vascular disorders. When those diseases interact with the cellular organization structures of the arteries and veins, they can promote the disruption of this barrier and lead to leakage of internal fluids. The majority of these liquids are absorbed by the tissues around and consequently they cause a swelling of the adjacent layers. That can evolute to a generalized edema with permanent injuries. The sudden loss of unilateral vision is the main symptom that the patient detects. Immediately after this occurrence the patient must go or be redirected to an ophthalmologist with a matter of urgency. It is important to know that this loss is not always reversible and the lost visual acuity may not be significantly recovered after treatment. This disease has always had a very limited prognosis. Time is the main and crucial factor for the patient, when it comes to improve vision in the following periods. The sooner the treatment is performed, the more effective it will be.
The central retinal vein occlusion is an eye disease that blocs the bloodstream caused by an obstruction of the retinal central vein or of its ramifications. This disease can be classified as schematic or non-schematic, being the first one more dangerous. The occlusion may occur around the entire vascularized area of the retina from the central retinal artery to the central vein of the retina. The location of the occlusion allows you to consider this pathology in a very specific clinical status. This condition is very characteristic of certain pre-existing pathologies which provide the development of vascular disorders. When those diseases interact with the cellular organization structures of the arteries and veins, they can promote the disruption of this barrier and lead to leakage of internal fluids. The majority of these liquids are absorbed by the tissues around and consequently they cause a swelling of the adjacent layers. That can evolute to a generalized edema with permanent injuries. The sudden loss of unilateral vision is the main symptom that the patient detects. Immediately after this occurrence the patient must go or be redirected to an ophthalmologist with a matter of urgency. It is important to know that this loss is not always reversible and the lost visual acuity may not be significantly recovered after treatment. This disease has always had a very limited prognosis. Time is the main and crucial factor for the patient, when it comes to improve vision in the following periods. The sooner the treatment is performed, the more effective it will be.
Description
Keywords
Oclusão da veia central da retina Oclusão da veia central da retina - Prognóstico Oclusão da veia central da retina - Tratamento Oclusão da artéria central da retina Oclusão venosa Oclusão do ramo da veia da retina Vascularização da retina
Citation
Publisher
Universidade da Beira Interior