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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Em termos gerais, as perturbações de ansiedade (PA) são
caracterizadas por medo e ansiedade excessivos despoletados por uma situação ou objeto
específico. Muitos dos quadros ansiosos surgem na infância e persistem, se não forem
tratados. Em vários estudos analisa-se a relação entre a ansiedade e as capacidades de
Regulação Emocional (RE), imprescindíveis para o desenvolvimento social e psicológico
saudável.
Objetivo: Considerando quer a relativa escassez de evidência acerca das
principais alterações de RE em crianças e adolescentes com PA, quer a relevância da
regulação emocional na prevenção e tratamento desta e de outras condições, congregase, nesta revisão, de forma sistemática, evidências sobre as estratégias de RE implicadas
nas PA, e como se relacionam entre si em crianças e adolescentes.
Método: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com base nas
diretrizes do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses -
PRISMA. A pesquisa foi realizada na base de dados Pubmed, considerando o intervalo
temporal 2000-2022 (março) e os critérios de elegibilidade previamente definidos.
Resultados: Dos 144 artigos inicialmente apurados, foram selecionados 27 artigos
para leitura integral, tendo sido excluídos todos aqueles que não satisfizeram os critérios
de elegibilidade. Os resultados demonstraram diferenças de RE entre crianças e
adolescentes com e sem perturbações de ansiedade. Em termos gerais, observou-se um
recurso mais frequente a estratégias desadaptativas e um menor uso de estratégias
adaptativas naqueles com PA, sugerindo uma forte relação entre a capacidade de RE e a
ansiedade na infância e adolescência.
Conclusões: Este trabalho reforça que as PA em crianças e adolescentes está
fortemente relacionada com dificuldades de RE. Sugerem-se intervenções focadas no
desenvolvimento de estratégias de RE adaptativas para o tratamento e prevenção de PA.
Para além disso, destaca-se a importância de considerar as diferenças de género e o
subdiagnóstico no tratamento destas condições. Desta forma, é premente uma
abordagem holística que considere os aspectos emocionais e comportamentais na gestão
da ansiedade na infância e adolescência.
Introduction: Anxiety disorders (AD) are characterized by excessive fear and anxiety triggered by a specific situation or object. Many anxious states emerge in childhood and persist if untreated. Several studies analyze the relationship between anxiety and Emotional Regulation (ER) capabilities, essential for healthy social and psychological development. Objective: Considering both the relative lack of evidence about the main ER changes in children and adolescents with AD, and the importance of emotional regulation in the prevention and treatment of this and other conditions, this review systematically congregates evidence on ER strategies involved in AD and how they relate to each other in children and adolescents. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted, following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - PRISMA. The search was performed in the Pubmed database, considering the time frame from 2000 to March 2022, and the previously defined eligibility criteria. Results: Of the 144 initially identified articles, 27 were selected for full reading, excluding those that did not meet the eligibility criteria. Overall, results showed RE differences between children and adolescents with and without anxiety disorders. Adolescents and children with ADD tend to rely on maladaptive strategies more often than on adaptive ones, suggesting a strong relationship between ER skills and anxiety in childhood and adolescence. Conclusions: This work reinforces that AD in children and adolescents is strongly related to ER difficulties. Interventions focused on the development of adaptive ER strategies for the treatment and prevention of AD are suggested. Moreover, the importance of considering gender differences and underdiagnosis in treating these conditions is highlighted. Therefore, a holistic approach that considers emotional and behavioral aspects in managing anxiety in childhood and adolescence is urgent.
Introduction: Anxiety disorders (AD) are characterized by excessive fear and anxiety triggered by a specific situation or object. Many anxious states emerge in childhood and persist if untreated. Several studies analyze the relationship between anxiety and Emotional Regulation (ER) capabilities, essential for healthy social and psychological development. Objective: Considering both the relative lack of evidence about the main ER changes in children and adolescents with AD, and the importance of emotional regulation in the prevention and treatment of this and other conditions, this review systematically congregates evidence on ER strategies involved in AD and how they relate to each other in children and adolescents. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted, following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - PRISMA. The search was performed in the Pubmed database, considering the time frame from 2000 to March 2022, and the previously defined eligibility criteria. Results: Of the 144 initially identified articles, 27 were selected for full reading, excluding those that did not meet the eligibility criteria. Overall, results showed RE differences between children and adolescents with and without anxiety disorders. Adolescents and children with ADD tend to rely on maladaptive strategies more often than on adaptive ones, suggesting a strong relationship between ER skills and anxiety in childhood and adolescence. Conclusions: This work reinforces that AD in children and adolescents is strongly related to ER difficulties. Interventions focused on the development of adaptive ER strategies for the treatment and prevention of AD are suggested. Moreover, the importance of considering gender differences and underdiagnosis in treating these conditions is highlighted. Therefore, a holistic approach that considers emotional and behavioral aspects in managing anxiety in childhood and adolescence is urgent.
Description
Keywords
Adolescentes Crianças Perturbações de Ansiedade (Pa) Regulação Emocional (Re)