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Authors
Abstract(s)
Existe um cenário estabelecido em que a necessidade de se aumentar a participação das fontes
de energia renováveis na composição da matriz energética mundial para fomentar um
desenvolvimento económico e social sustentável, em estrito respeito com o meio ambiente,
bem como de elemento atenuante para as alterações climáticas, confronta-se com a pressão
da procura pelo uso de recursos naturais gerada pelo inerente crescimento da população
mundial. Por essa situação conflituosa se tornar mais latente para a produção hidroelétrica, ao
ser essa uma fonte de energia que compete no uso da água perante inúmeras outras procuras
da sociedade e meio ambiente, são estabelecidos certos limites para esse uso através da
recomendação de um caudal denominado de ecológico a ser obrigatoriamente e minimamente
resguardado no leito fluvial com a finalidade de servir as necessidades dos ecossistemas
aquático e ribeirinho. Existem ao redor do mundo centenas de diferentes metodologias que se
propõem a definir o caudal ecológico, as quais são divididas em métodos hidrológicos,
hidráulicos, de classificação de habitats e holísticos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo
inicial identificar e descrever pormenores sobre as principais metodologias utilizadas para a
determinação desse caudal ecológico no Brasil e em Portugal Continental, bem como sobre
outros métodos adotados num cenário global. Na sequência, sob um prisma específico e através
de simulações com auxílio do software computacional CASiMiR, desenvolvido pela Universidade
de Estugarda, foram utilizados dados técnicos da central mini-hídrica Saudade, localizada no
Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, central essa concessionada à empresa Construtora Vibral Ltda.,
para desenvolver um estudo de caso onde se avaliaram os impactos na produção hidroelétrica,
em observância à variação sofrida na energia anual produzida e no retorno financeiro anual, de
cada caudal ecológico resultante da aplicação dos métodos Q7,10, Tennant, curva de
permanência, perímetro molhado, INAG e Global Environmental Flow Calculator. Por fim, foi
concluído, com base na grande amplitude identificada entre os volumes de caudais calculados,
que existe a possibilidade de se penalizar severamente a produção de energia de uma central,
com a consequente frustração de receitas e impacto na formação de preços para toda uma
sociedade.
There is an established scenario where the need to increase the participation of renewable energy sources in the composition of the global energy matrix to promote sustainable economic and social development in strict respect of the environment as well as mitigating element for climate change, is confronted with the demand pressure for the use of natural resources generated by the intrinsic growth of the world population. Because this conflicting situation becomes more latent for hydroelectric generation, since it is a source of energy that competes in the use of water with countless other demands of society and the environment, are establish certain limits for such use through the recommendation of a flow called environmental to be obligatorily and minimally maintained in the river channel in order to serve the needs of the aquatic and riverside ecosystems. There are hundreds of different methodologies around the world which propose to define the environmental flow divided in hydrological, hydraulic, habitat classification and holistic methods. The present dissertation aimed to identify and describe details of the main methodologies used to determine this environmental flow in Brazil, in continental territory of Portugal, as well as other methods adopted in a global scenario. In the sequence, under a specific prism and through simulations using the CASiMiR software, developed by the University of Stuttgart, was used the technical data of the Saudade small power plant, located in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with concession to Construtora Vibral Ltda., to develop a case study that analyzed the impacts on hydroelectric generation, in observance through the variation in the annual energy produced and the annual financial return, of each environmental flow resulting from the application of Q7,10, Tennant, permanence, wet perimeter, INAG and Global Environmental Flow Calculator methods. Finally, it was concluded, based on the large amplitude identified between the volumes of calculated flows, that exist a possibility of severely penalizing the energy production of a power plant, with the consequent frustration of revenues and impact on the formation of prices for a whole society.
There is an established scenario where the need to increase the participation of renewable energy sources in the composition of the global energy matrix to promote sustainable economic and social development in strict respect of the environment as well as mitigating element for climate change, is confronted with the demand pressure for the use of natural resources generated by the intrinsic growth of the world population. Because this conflicting situation becomes more latent for hydroelectric generation, since it is a source of energy that competes in the use of water with countless other demands of society and the environment, are establish certain limits for such use through the recommendation of a flow called environmental to be obligatorily and minimally maintained in the river channel in order to serve the needs of the aquatic and riverside ecosystems. There are hundreds of different methodologies around the world which propose to define the environmental flow divided in hydrological, hydraulic, habitat classification and holistic methods. The present dissertation aimed to identify and describe details of the main methodologies used to determine this environmental flow in Brazil, in continental territory of Portugal, as well as other methods adopted in a global scenario. In the sequence, under a specific prism and through simulations using the CASiMiR software, developed by the University of Stuttgart, was used the technical data of the Saudade small power plant, located in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with concession to Construtora Vibral Ltda., to develop a case study that analyzed the impacts on hydroelectric generation, in observance through the variation in the annual energy produced and the annual financial return, of each environmental flow resulting from the application of Q7,10, Tennant, permanence, wet perimeter, INAG and Global Environmental Flow Calculator methods. Finally, it was concluded, based on the large amplitude identified between the volumes of calculated flows, that exist a possibility of severely penalizing the energy production of a power plant, with the consequent frustration of revenues and impact on the formation of prices for a whole society.
Description
Keywords
Caudal Ecológico Impacto Na Produção Hidroelétrica Metodologias Para Definição de Caudais Ecológicos. Mini-Hídrica