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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo central averiguar se as atividades ocupacionais e de lazer, contribuem para a satisfação de vida e bem-estar dos idosos da cidade da Covilhã.
Esta investigação apresenta uma opção metodológica fortemente quantitativa, transversal descritiva, e correlacional. Utilizou-se, como instrumento de recolha de dados um inquérito, o qual contém um questionário referente aos indicadores sociodemográficos, o questionário Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), através do qual se fez um rastreio do declínio cognitivo dos sujeitos da amostra, e o questionário de Bem-Estar/Felicidade. A amostra deste estudo é constituída por 206 idosos, residentes nas freguesias de São Pedro, São Martinho, Santa Maria e Conceição da cidade da Covilhã. A maioria (63,6%) dos sujeitos da amostra possuía uma idade igual ou inferior a 75 anos, sendo mais de metade (60,2%) dos idosos do género feminino. Quanto à escolaridade, concluiu-se que a maioria (51,2%) dos idosos possuía o ensino primário. No que se refere às atividades em que os sujeitos da amostra ocupam o seu tempo, sobressaíram os (49,7%) idosos com atividades dentro e fora de casa.
Relativamente à frequência com que os sujeitos praticam essas atividades, predominaram os sujeitos que referiram uma frequência diária (76,9%). Estes resultados sugerem que se está perante uma amostra, ainda na sua maioria, com fortes indícios de atividade, o que pode assumir-se como um fator que interfira no seu bem-estar/felicidade. Dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que existe uma associação significativa entre género e bem-estar/felicidade (x² (3) = 8.06, p =.045), onde a maioria dos sujeitos afirma ser feliz (48,3%), sendo que o género masculino (16,5%) evidencia um grau de felicidade mais elevado, do que o género feminino (14%). Quanto ao bem-estar/felicidade e as atividades com que ocupam o seu tempo verifica-se uma correlação muito baixa, positiva e não significativa, (r=.09, p=.22). Já a frequência com que os sujeitos realizam atividades ocupacionais estabelece uma correlação muito baixa, negativa e não significativa (rs=-.004, p =. 96) com o bem-estar/felicidade. A análise dos resultados revelou ainda ausência de correlações entre bem-estar/felicidade e idade, (rs= -. 10, p =. 14) e a frequência com que os sujeitos realizam atividades e a idade, (rs=.05, p =. 50).
The essential objective of the present thesis is to investigate if occupational and leisure activities, give an important contribute to life satisfaction and well-being in elderly population of Covilhã. In this research I have followed a cross-relational, descriptive, and quantitative methodology. The instrument for data collection i used was, an inquiry; it contains a questionnaire relating to sociodemographic indicators, a questionnaire Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and a questionnaire about the well-being and happiness. The sample consists of 206 elderly, residents in four of the local councils of Covilhã. The majority of the subjects sample (63.6%) had an age equal, or less than 75 years, whereas, more than a half (60.2%) of elderly are females. As for education, it was concluded that the majority (51.2%) of the elderly population sample, had the primary education. With regard to the activities in which the sample subjects occupy their time, the highlights were (49.7%) elderly with activities inside and outside the home. As regards to the frequency with which the subjects practiced their activities, the majority reported a daily frequency (76.9%). These results suggest that we are facing a sample, which demonstrates there is strong evidence of activity, which can be assumed as a factor that interferes with the well-being/happiness. From the results, it was found that there is a significant association between gender and well-being/happiness (x ² (3) = 8.06, p = .045)) where the majority of the subjects stated to be happy (48.3%), but the male gender (16.5%) shows a higher degree of happiness than female (14%). As for activities where they take their time and well-being/happiness there is a positive and non-significant very low correlation (r = .09, p = .22). The frequency with which subjects perform occupational activities establishes a negative and not significant very low correlation (rs = - .004, p =. 96) with well-being/happiness. The results also revealed the absence of correlations between well-being/happiness and age (rs = -. 10, p =. 14), and the frequency with which subjects perform their activities and age (rs = .05, p =. 50).
The essential objective of the present thesis is to investigate if occupational and leisure activities, give an important contribute to life satisfaction and well-being in elderly population of Covilhã. In this research I have followed a cross-relational, descriptive, and quantitative methodology. The instrument for data collection i used was, an inquiry; it contains a questionnaire relating to sociodemographic indicators, a questionnaire Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and a questionnaire about the well-being and happiness. The sample consists of 206 elderly, residents in four of the local councils of Covilhã. The majority of the subjects sample (63.6%) had an age equal, or less than 75 years, whereas, more than a half (60.2%) of elderly are females. As for education, it was concluded that the majority (51.2%) of the elderly population sample, had the primary education. With regard to the activities in which the sample subjects occupy their time, the highlights were (49.7%) elderly with activities inside and outside the home. As regards to the frequency with which the subjects practiced their activities, the majority reported a daily frequency (76.9%). These results suggest that we are facing a sample, which demonstrates there is strong evidence of activity, which can be assumed as a factor that interferes with the well-being/happiness. From the results, it was found that there is a significant association between gender and well-being/happiness (x ² (3) = 8.06, p = .045)) where the majority of the subjects stated to be happy (48.3%), but the male gender (16.5%) shows a higher degree of happiness than female (14%). As for activities where they take their time and well-being/happiness there is a positive and non-significant very low correlation (r = .09, p = .22). The frequency with which subjects perform occupational activities establishes a negative and not significant very low correlation (rs = - .004, p =. 96) with well-being/happiness. The results also revealed the absence of correlations between well-being/happiness and age (rs = -. 10, p =. 14), and the frequency with which subjects perform their activities and age (rs = .05, p =. 50).
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Keywords
Envelhecimento - Aspectos psicológicos Envelhecimento - Qualidade de vida Envelhecimento - Atividades ocupacionais Envelhecimento - Lazer