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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A esclerose mĂșltipla Ă© uma doença crĂłnica, auto-imune, inflamatĂłria e
neurodegenerativa que afeta o sistema nervoso central. Nesta doença, o sistema
imunitĂĄrio nĂŁo reconhece como prĂłpria uma substĂąncia essencial para a transmissĂŁo
dos impulsos nervosos entre os neurĂłnios, a baĂnha de mielina. Esta substĂąncia Ă©
atacada e degradada, afetando a condução do impulso nervoso, dando origem a
sintomas, que sĂŁo diversos e dependem do local afetado do sistema nervoso central.
Ă diagnosticada entre os 20 e os 40 anos de idade e tem maior incidĂȘncia no sexo
feminino. Existem vĂĄrios fatores de risco associados Ă esclerose mĂșltipla, entre eles os
ambientais, genéticos e de estilo de vida. Exige um diagnóstico diferencial a fim de
excluir eventuais doenças que a mimetizam.
Atualmente é uma doença incuråvel, e o seu tratamento assenta, não só em abordagens
para o controlo da sintomatologia, na prevenção e/ou diminuição do nĂșmero de surtos
e no controlo da sua progressão, mas também em terapias não farmacológicas. Para
isso é necessårio uma equipa multidisciplinar com o objetivo de alcançar ao doente a
melhor qualidade de vida possĂvel.
O primeiro capĂtulo desta dissertação pretende sintetizar todo o conhecimento
recolhido acerca da esclerose mĂșltipla: patologia, diagnĂłstico, novas abordagens
terapĂȘuticas, algumas off-label e algumas perspetivas futuras de tratamento.
O segundo capĂtulo aborda a componente do estĂĄgio curricular, realizado na FarmĂĄcia
Campos, no concelho de Salreu, onde descrevo as competĂȘncias adquiridas assim como
algumas atividades desenvolvidas, sob orientação da DrÂȘ. Sara Tavares.
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system. In this disease, the immune system doesn't recognize an essential substance for the transmission of the nerve impulses between neurons, the myelin sheath. This substance is attacked by the immune system and damaged, changing the conduction of the nerve impulse, and originating the symptoms, which are various and depend on the affected location of the central nervous system. It is diagnosed between 20 and 40 years old, and it has a higher incidence in females. There are several risk factors related to multiple sclerosis, including environmental, genetic and lifestyle factors. It requires a differential diagnosis in order to exclude some possible diseases that mimic multiple sclerosis. Nowadays itâs an incurable disease, and the treatment is based, not only on management of the symptoms, in preventing and/or reduction of the number of relapses and control of its progression, but also on non-pharmacological therapies. It's necessary to have a multidisciplinary team to provide the patient the best quality of life. The first capter of this dissertation aims to synthesize all the knowledge collected about multiple sclerosis: pathology, diagnostic, new and some off-label treatments, and some future treatment perspectives. The second chapter itâs about the curricular internship at FarmĂĄcia Campos, in Salreu, and it describes the skills acquired as well as some activities developed, under the guidance of DrÂȘ. Sara Tavares.
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system. In this disease, the immune system doesn't recognize an essential substance for the transmission of the nerve impulses between neurons, the myelin sheath. This substance is attacked by the immune system and damaged, changing the conduction of the nerve impulse, and originating the symptoms, which are various and depend on the affected location of the central nervous system. It is diagnosed between 20 and 40 years old, and it has a higher incidence in females. There are several risk factors related to multiple sclerosis, including environmental, genetic and lifestyle factors. It requires a differential diagnosis in order to exclude some possible diseases that mimic multiple sclerosis. Nowadays itâs an incurable disease, and the treatment is based, not only on management of the symptoms, in preventing and/or reduction of the number of relapses and control of its progression, but also on non-pharmacological therapies. It's necessary to have a multidisciplinary team to provide the patient the best quality of life. The first capter of this dissertation aims to synthesize all the knowledge collected about multiple sclerosis: pathology, diagnostic, new and some off-label treatments, and some future treatment perspectives. The second chapter itâs about the curricular internship at FarmĂĄcia Campos, in Salreu, and it describes the skills acquired as well as some activities developed, under the guidance of DrÂȘ. Sara Tavares.
Description
Keywords
DiagnĂłstico Esclerose MĂșltipla Patofisiologia Perspetivas Futuras de Tratamento Tipos de Esclerose
MĂșltipla Tratamento Tratamento Off-Label