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Introdução: As alterações climáticas têm impacto na saúde do ser humano. Este
impacto vai desde o aumento do risco de transmissão de doenças infecciosas, lesões
traumáticas físicas e psicológicas até à descompensação de doenças crónicas.
Considerando que os impactos das alterações climáticas na saúde se irão intensificar
nos próximos anos, é importante que os futuros médicos entendam e reconheçam a
associação entre alterações climáticas e saúde, uma vez que isso irá influenciar a sua
prática clínica, independentemente da especialidade futura. O objetivo primário deste
estudo é avaliar o conhecimento e percepção que os estudantes de medicina têm sobre
alterações climáticas e saúde.
Materiais e métodos: Foi aplicado um questionário a estudantes de medicina de
diversas universidades portuguesas. Este questionário foi desenvolvido pela
Universidade George Mason (EUA) em colaboração com a Organização Mundial de
Saúde e a Aliança Global para o Clima e Saúde e traduzido para Português no âmbito da
presente tese. O questionário esteve disponível para resposta entre os dias 25 de
fevereiro e 4 de abril de 2021, tendo sido distribuído em colaboração com: (1)
associações e núcleos de estudantes das diferentes universidades portuguesas, (2)
faculdades de medicina e (3) a Associação Nacional de Estudantes de Medicina.
Resultados: Dos 12.572 estudantes de medicina a nível nacional, 384 responderam ao
questionário (taxa de resposta de 3,05%). A grande maioria dos inquiridos (99,2 %)
concorda que as alterações climáticas estão a acontecer, sendo que 96,6% dos
participantes mostra estar preocupado com as alterações climáticas. Menos de metade
dos inquiridos (41%) afirma que os pacientes serão muito afetados pelas alterações
climáticas. O impacto mais apontado pelos participantes foi “danos físicos e mentais
causados por incêndios” (n=346, 90,3%). A falta de tempo é considerada por 53,6% dos
inquiridos como um dos factores que reduz muito ou moderadamente a vontade de
comunicar sobre este tema. A maioria dos inquiridos concorda que, quer enquanto
estudantes, quer no futuro enquanto profissionais de saúde, têm responsabilidade de
chamar a atenção do público (89,8%) e dos líderes decisores (91,9%) políticos para os
efeitos das alterações climáticas sobre a saúde.
Conclusão: Em geral, observa-se que os estudantes estão conscientes dos impactos
das alterações climáticas na saúde e reconhecem que os profissionais de saúde têm um
papel a desempenhar na resposta às mesmas.
Introduction: Climate change has impacts on human health. Those impacts include, for example, an increase in the risk of transmission of infectious diseases, traumatic physical and psychological injuries, and even decompensation of chronic diseases. Since the impacts of climate change will intensify in the coming years, it is important for future medical doctors to understand and recognize the association between climate change and health, as it will influence their clinical practice, regardless of their future specialty. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and perception that medical students from Portugal have on climate change and health. Materials and methods: A survey was applied to medical students from Portuguese universities. This survey was developed by George Mason University (USA) in collaboration with the World Health Organization and the Global Climate and Health Alliance, and was translated into Portuguese within the scope of this thesis. The questionnaire was available online, between February 25th and Abril 4th, 2021. It was distributed with the collaboration of: (1) student associations of the different Portuguese Universities, (2) medical faculties and (3) National Medicine Students Association. Results: From the 12,572 medical students at the Portuguese national level, 384 answered to the questionnaire (response rate 3. 05%). The majority of the respondents, (99.2%) agreed that climate change is happening, with 96. 6% revealing to be concerned with climate change. Less than half of the respondents (41%) believes that climate change will harm their patients "a great deal". The “physical or mental harm from forest fires or brush fires” was the most indicated impact (n=346, 90.3%) by the participants. Lack of time was considered by 53.6% of respondents as a factor that greatly or moderately reduces the will of communicate about this topic. The majority of the students agreed that, while students or health professionals, they have the responsibility to bring the health effects of climate change to the attention of the public (89.8%) or policy makers (91.9%). Conclusion: In general, Portuguese medical students are aware of climate change impacts in health and recognize that health professionals have a role to play on addressing this question.
Introduction: Climate change has impacts on human health. Those impacts include, for example, an increase in the risk of transmission of infectious diseases, traumatic physical and psychological injuries, and even decompensation of chronic diseases. Since the impacts of climate change will intensify in the coming years, it is important for future medical doctors to understand and recognize the association between climate change and health, as it will influence their clinical practice, regardless of their future specialty. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and perception that medical students from Portugal have on climate change and health. Materials and methods: A survey was applied to medical students from Portuguese universities. This survey was developed by George Mason University (USA) in collaboration with the World Health Organization and the Global Climate and Health Alliance, and was translated into Portuguese within the scope of this thesis. The questionnaire was available online, between February 25th and Abril 4th, 2021. It was distributed with the collaboration of: (1) student associations of the different Portuguese Universities, (2) medical faculties and (3) National Medicine Students Association. Results: From the 12,572 medical students at the Portuguese national level, 384 answered to the questionnaire (response rate 3. 05%). The majority of the respondents, (99.2%) agreed that climate change is happening, with 96. 6% revealing to be concerned with climate change. Less than half of the respondents (41%) believes that climate change will harm their patients "a great deal". The “physical or mental harm from forest fires or brush fires” was the most indicated impact (n=346, 90.3%) by the participants. Lack of time was considered by 53.6% of respondents as a factor that greatly or moderately reduces the will of communicate about this topic. The majority of the students agreed that, while students or health professionals, they have the responsibility to bring the health effects of climate change to the attention of the public (89.8%) or policy makers (91.9%). Conclusion: In general, Portuguese medical students are aware of climate change impacts in health and recognize that health professionals have a role to play on addressing this question.
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Palavras-chave
Alterações Climáticas Estudantes de Medicina Saúde Ambiental