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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A diabetes é um problema de saúde pública, que pode originar grandes mudanças
na vida do doente quer a nível físico, psíquico e social. Nomeadamente no emprego, os
diabéticos podem encontrar dificuldades de integração e fraco apoio social, que podem afetar
o controlo da doença. Assim, delineou-se como principal objetivo averiguar qual o impacto da
diabetes mellitus no meio laboral da Covilhã.
Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo, comparativo e correlacional, baseado
na aplicação de um inquérito por questionário, a utentes com diabetes na consulta externa de
Diabetes e Diabetologia. No tratamento estatístico utilizou-se o Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences Statistics versão 21 e Microsoft Office Excel 2010. Após a realização do teste
de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, optou-se por testes não paramétricos. Aplicou-se o teste de Mann-
-Whithney para comparação entre grupos e correlações de Spearman na análise de variáveis
ordinais.
Resultados: Foram inquiridos 93 utentes: 61,3% relata que a diabetes afeta a escolha de um
trabalho. Cerca de metade considera muito seguro revelar a sua doença aos colegas de
trabalho (56,7%) e ao seu empregador (47,3%), e 91,4% não receia sofrer discriminação,
porém 48,4% não referiria espontaneamente a sua doença em entrevistas de emprego.
Cinquenta e um por cento considera que a sociedade tem um conhecimento pouco adequado
da diabetes e 81,7% relata que se fosse discriminado no emprego isso poderia conduzir a um
descontrolo da doença. Dos participantes, 4,3% foram recusados num emprego por serem
diabéticos. A maior parte da amostra (93,5%) sente que tem capacidades idênticas as outras
pessoas para trabalhar e 54,8% refere que a diabetes não afeta o seu desempenho
profissional. Os diabéticos tipo 1 têm um maior receio de sofrer discriminação e afirmam que
a diabetes afeta mais o desempenho no emprego comparativamente com os diabéticos tipo 2.
Os indivíduos com mais anos de doença e complicações referem que a doença afeta mais o
desempenho no emprego e discordam mais em ter capacidades semelhantes aos outros para
trabalhar. Sentem-se menos seguros em partilhar a diabetes com os colegas de trabalho e
receiam mais expor ao empregador problemas resultantes desta.
Conclusão: A discriminação no local de trabalho ainda persiste. Diabéticos tipo 1, com
complicações e mais anos de doença apresentam uma atitude mais pessimista relativamente a
interação da diabetes com o mercado de trabalho. Este estudo sugere a necessidade de
iniciativas de sensibilização na comunidade, que aumentem a consciencialização dos cidadãos
e empregadores.
Introduction: Diabetes is a public health problem that can cause great changes in the patient's life: physically, psychologically and socially. At employment, diabetics may encounter difficulties in integration and weak social support, which may affect the control of this condition. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of diabetes mellitus in the working environment of Covilhã. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative and correlational study based on the application of a questionnaire survey to diabetic patients of Outpatient Diabetic Care. For statistical analysis Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics version 21 and Microsoft Office Excel 2010 were used. Upon completion of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, nonparametric tests were chosen. Mann-Whitney test was used for groups comparison and Spearman correlations for the analysis of ordinal variables. Results: Ninety-three subjects were surveyed, 61,3% reported that diabetes affects the choice of a job. About half feel very safe to reveal their illness to co-workers (56,7%) and their employer (47,3%) and 91,4% were not afraid to suffer discrimination, but 48,4% would not refer spontaneously their disease in job interviews. Fifty -one percent believes that society has poor knowledge of diabetes and 81,7% report that if they were discriminated at their employment it could lead to a worse control of the disease. Of the participants, 4,3% were refused a job because they were diabetic. The majority of the sample (93,5%) feel that they have identical capabilities as other people to work and 54,8% stated that diabetes does not affect their job performance. Type 1 diabetics have a greater fear of suffering discrimination and affirm that diabetes affects more their performance in employment compared to type 2 diabetic patients. Individuals with more years of disease and complications report that the disease affects more their job performance and disagree more with the fact of having similar capabilities to work. They feel less safe to disclose diabetes with co-workers and are more afraid to expose diabetes related problems to the employer. Conclusion: Discrimination in the workplace still persists. Type 1 diabetics, patients with complications and more years of disease show a more pessimistic attitude towards the interaction of diabetes with the labor market. This study suggests the need for initiatives to the sensitization of the community and increase the awareness of the citizens and employers.
Introduction: Diabetes is a public health problem that can cause great changes in the patient's life: physically, psychologically and socially. At employment, diabetics may encounter difficulties in integration and weak social support, which may affect the control of this condition. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of diabetes mellitus in the working environment of Covilhã. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative and correlational study based on the application of a questionnaire survey to diabetic patients of Outpatient Diabetic Care. For statistical analysis Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics version 21 and Microsoft Office Excel 2010 were used. Upon completion of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, nonparametric tests were chosen. Mann-Whitney test was used for groups comparison and Spearman correlations for the analysis of ordinal variables. Results: Ninety-three subjects were surveyed, 61,3% reported that diabetes affects the choice of a job. About half feel very safe to reveal their illness to co-workers (56,7%) and their employer (47,3%) and 91,4% were not afraid to suffer discrimination, but 48,4% would not refer spontaneously their disease in job interviews. Fifty -one percent believes that society has poor knowledge of diabetes and 81,7% report that if they were discriminated at their employment it could lead to a worse control of the disease. Of the participants, 4,3% were refused a job because they were diabetic. The majority of the sample (93,5%) feel that they have identical capabilities as other people to work and 54,8% stated that diabetes does not affect their job performance. Type 1 diabetics have a greater fear of suffering discrimination and affirm that diabetes affects more their performance in employment compared to type 2 diabetic patients. Individuals with more years of disease and complications report that the disease affects more their job performance and disagree more with the fact of having similar capabilities to work. They feel less safe to disclose diabetes with co-workers and are more afraid to expose diabetes related problems to the employer. Conclusion: Discrimination in the workplace still persists. Type 1 diabetics, patients with complications and more years of disease show a more pessimistic attitude towards the interaction of diabetes with the labor market. This study suggests the need for initiatives to the sensitization of the community and increase the awareness of the citizens and employers.
Description
Keywords
Apoio Social Diabetes Mellitus Discriminação Emprego Meio Laboral