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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Pessoas LGBTQIA+ enfrentam disparidades documentadas na assistência
médica, e estas são experienciadas de forma mais acentuada por pessoas trans. Um dos
fatores na sua origem é a falta de acesso a profissionais com formação nesta área.
Estudantes de medicina e médicos apresentam lacunas de conhecimento comprovadas na
assistência à saúde LGBTQIA+ devido a instrução escassa da temática. Conhecer a perceção
dos atuais alunos de medicina sobre o tema, poderá despoletar estratégias para melhorar os
futuros currículos de formação médica.
Objetivos: O objetivo principal desta investigação é perceber quais os atuais
conhecimentos dos alunos de Medicina da Universidade da Beira Interior sobre as
particularidades dos cuidados a pessoas trans e formular contributos para melhorar a
formação dos profissionais de saúde em diversidade de género e sexualidade.
Métodos: O presente estudo é transversal, baseado na recolha de respostas a um inquérito
anónimo em formato GOOGLE FORMS enviado, através do email institucional da
faculdade, a todos os estudantes de medicina da FCS-UBI, acessível entre 22 de setembro e
2 de novembro de 2023. No total, foram obtidas 221 respostas. O questionário elaborado é
constituído por duas partes: a primeira, elaborada pelos autores e não validada, tem como
objetivo avaliar os conhecimentos dos estudantes sobre necessidades de saúde da população
trans e a segunda pretende avaliar as atitudes para com homens e mulheres trans com
recurso à escala EARHMT, validada para português por Ana Raquel Machado Guimarães
em "A study about attitudes toward transgender: a transparent hate or a colourful love?".
Resultados: Obtiveram-se 221 respostas, das quais 95 (43%) correspondiam a alunos dos
5º e 6º anos. Do total, 177 (80%) identificaram-se como do género feminino, 42 (19%) do
masculino e 2 (1%) não binários. Em relação à orientação sexual, 186 (84%) referiram ser
heterossexuais, 19 (9%) bissexuais e 8 (4%) homossexuais. Os inquiridos relataram um
desconhecimento total em relação a vários tópicos, incluindo: 65 (29,4%) sobre os tipos de
cirurgias de reafirmação de género, 67 (30,3%) os tipos de hormonoterapia para
reafirmação de género, 144 (65,2%) sobre as recomendações para o rastreio do cancro do
colo do útero e do cancro da mama, em trans masculinos, e 150 (67,9%) desconheciam as
recomendações para o rastreio do cancro da próstata em trans femininos. Quanto à
formação, 162 (73,3%) alunos referiram que receberam nenhuma ou escassa formação
sobre a população LGBTQIA+ durante todo o curso, e 84% declararam que não tinham
recebido qualquer tipo de instrução em cuidados de saúde específicos para a população trans. A maioria dos estudantes de medicina não demonstrou atitudes negativas para com
a população trans e 76% considerou que seria importante a sua abordagem na formação
académica.
Conclusão: Os estudantes de medicina da UBI reportaram um nível de conhecimentos
médicos muito insuficiente para a prestação cuidados de saúde a pessoas trans, o que sugere
necessidade de reajustar o curriculum da formação médica nesta área.
Introduction: LGBTQIA+ patients face documented disparities in healthcare, and these are experienced more profoundly by transgender individuals. One of the factors contributing to this is the lack of access to professionals trained in this field. Medical students and physicians have proven knowledge gaps in LGBTQIA+ healthcare due to limited instruction on the subject. Understanding the current medical students' perception of the topic may instigate strategies to enhance future medical education curricula. Objectives: The main objective of this research is to understand the current knowledge of UBI Medical students on this topic and furthermore provide insights to enhance the training of healthcare professionals in gender and sexual diversity. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which relies on an anonymous survey in GOOGLE FORMS format distributed through the faculty's institutional email to all medical students at FCS-UBI. The survey was accessible only within this domain and was conducted between September 22 and November 2 of 2023. A total of 221 responses were collected. The questionnaire consists of two parts: the first part, developed by the authors and not validated, aims to evaluate students' knowledge regarding the healthcare needs of the trans population, and the second part seeks to assess attitudes towards transgender men and women using the EARHMT scale, validated in Portuguese by Ana Raquel Machado Guimarães in "A study about attitudes toward transgender: a transparent hate or a colourful love?". Results: A total of 221 responses were obtained, with 95 (43%) coming from students in the 5th and 6th years. Of the total, 177 (80%) identified as female, 42 (19%) as male, and 2 (1%) as non-binary. Regarding sexual orientation, 186 (84%) identified as heterosexual, 19 (9%) as bisexual, and 8 (4%) as homosexual. Respondents reported a complete lack of knowledge on various topics, including: 65 (29,4%) on the types of gender affirmation surgeries, 67 (30.3%) on the types of hormone therapy for gender affirmation, 144 (65.2%) on recommendations for cervical cancer screening and breast cancer screening in trans men. Regarding trans women, 150 (67.9%) were unaware of recommendations for prostate cancer screening. In terms of education, 162 (73.3%) students stated they received little to no training on the LGBTQIA+ population throughout the course, and 84% declared they had not received any instruction in specific healthcare for the trans population. Most medical students did not exhibit negative attitudes towards the transgender population and 76% considered the approach to this theme important. Conclusion: Medical students at UBI have reported a very insufficient level of medical knowledge to be able to provide healthcare to transgender individuals, indicating the necessity to revise the medical training curriculum in this domain.
Introduction: LGBTQIA+ patients face documented disparities in healthcare, and these are experienced more profoundly by transgender individuals. One of the factors contributing to this is the lack of access to professionals trained in this field. Medical students and physicians have proven knowledge gaps in LGBTQIA+ healthcare due to limited instruction on the subject. Understanding the current medical students' perception of the topic may instigate strategies to enhance future medical education curricula. Objectives: The main objective of this research is to understand the current knowledge of UBI Medical students on this topic and furthermore provide insights to enhance the training of healthcare professionals in gender and sexual diversity. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which relies on an anonymous survey in GOOGLE FORMS format distributed through the faculty's institutional email to all medical students at FCS-UBI. The survey was accessible only within this domain and was conducted between September 22 and November 2 of 2023. A total of 221 responses were collected. The questionnaire consists of two parts: the first part, developed by the authors and not validated, aims to evaluate students' knowledge regarding the healthcare needs of the trans population, and the second part seeks to assess attitudes towards transgender men and women using the EARHMT scale, validated in Portuguese by Ana Raquel Machado Guimarães in "A study about attitudes toward transgender: a transparent hate or a colourful love?". Results: A total of 221 responses were obtained, with 95 (43%) coming from students in the 5th and 6th years. Of the total, 177 (80%) identified as female, 42 (19%) as male, and 2 (1%) as non-binary. Regarding sexual orientation, 186 (84%) identified as heterosexual, 19 (9%) as bisexual, and 8 (4%) as homosexual. Respondents reported a complete lack of knowledge on various topics, including: 65 (29,4%) on the types of gender affirmation surgeries, 67 (30.3%) on the types of hormone therapy for gender affirmation, 144 (65.2%) on recommendations for cervical cancer screening and breast cancer screening in trans men. Regarding trans women, 150 (67.9%) were unaware of recommendations for prostate cancer screening. In terms of education, 162 (73.3%) students stated they received little to no training on the LGBTQIA+ population throughout the course, and 84% declared they had not received any instruction in specific healthcare for the trans population. Most medical students did not exhibit negative attitudes towards the transgender population and 76% considered the approach to this theme important. Conclusion: Medical students at UBI have reported a very insufficient level of medical knowledge to be able to provide healthcare to transgender individuals, indicating the necessity to revise the medical training curriculum in this domain.
Description
Keywords
Educação Médica Estudantes de Medicina Lgbtqia+ Trans