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Concepção arquitectónica e estruturas metálicas em habitação: sistema modular espacial aplicado
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Esta tese de doutoramento tem por objecto a criação de um modelo teórico aplicado de um sistema modular que conjuga a concepção arquitectónica com a utilização de estruturas de perfil de aço em habitação, respeitando as necessidades do habitar contemporâneo e fazendo a ponte com a arquitectura popular portuguesa, ambas com um carácter simplista, harmonioso, onde os espaços são mínimos, respondendo às necessidades do habitantes e referenciadas a um Lugar. Pretende o tema demonstrar a importância da estruturação de um modelo teórico para a organização da conjugação da ideia conceptual de projecto com o sistema construtivo em estruturas metálicas, onde é apenas utilizado um tipo de perfil em aço, com a necessidade de produção em série para rentabilizar economicamente a obra, o que obriga a uma programação bem estruturada de todo o processo, iniciando na concepção, passando pela fabricação até à montagem. O interesse contemporâneo desta investigação, para um eventual habitar futuro, será demonstrado pela comprovação prática de um sistema modular espacial aplicado, teórica e projectualmente, através de um protótipo que tem por base as influências da Revolução Industrial e, principalmente, do Movimento Moderno, onde surgem os primeiros projectos de habitação neste sistema construtivo, em que a estrutura em aço é deixada à vista. Faz-se, também, a conjugação com os modos de habitar ‘simplistas’ da arquitectura popular portuguesa, aproveitando a reabilitação de ruínas em xisto como ideia estruturante base para o desenvolvimento do projecto, usando os módulos de habitar propostos para desenvolver um processo conceptual e construtivo, relacionando, deste modo, duas épocas distintas.
The present doctoral thesis aims studying the creation of a theoretical model applied in a modular system, which combines the architectural design with the use of structures in steel profiles in family dwellings, respecting not only the needs of the contemporary dwelling but also connecting it to the popular Portuguese architecture, both characterised by the harmony and simplicity of character, where spaces are minimal, yet responding to the needs of its inhabitants and referred to a Place. The topic under study also aims at demonstrating of the importance of structuring a theoretical model for the organization of the conceptual idea of combining the project with the building system in metallic structures, where it is only used one type of steel profile, being the serial production needed in order to be economically profitable in terms of building; it requires a well-structured planning of the whole process, starting in the design phase and going through from the manufacturing phase to the assembly one. The contemporary interest of this investigation, for a possible future living, will be demonstrated by a practical test of a modular space system applied, theoretical and in terms of project, through a prototype, which is based on the influences of the Industrial Revolution and especially the Modern Movement, the period when the first housing projects following this construction system were made and where the steel structure was left in sight. The conjugation with the 'simplistic' modes of inhabiting present in the popular Portuguese architecture, taking advantage of the rehabilitation of ruins of houses made of schist as a structuring idea for the development of the project using the proposed dwelling modules in order to develop a conceptual and constructive process, connecting this way two distinct periods.
The present doctoral thesis aims studying the creation of a theoretical model applied in a modular system, which combines the architectural design with the use of structures in steel profiles in family dwellings, respecting not only the needs of the contemporary dwelling but also connecting it to the popular Portuguese architecture, both characterised by the harmony and simplicity of character, where spaces are minimal, yet responding to the needs of its inhabitants and referred to a Place. The topic under study also aims at demonstrating of the importance of structuring a theoretical model for the organization of the conceptual idea of combining the project with the building system in metallic structures, where it is only used one type of steel profile, being the serial production needed in order to be economically profitable in terms of building; it requires a well-structured planning of the whole process, starting in the design phase and going through from the manufacturing phase to the assembly one. The contemporary interest of this investigation, for a possible future living, will be demonstrated by a practical test of a modular space system applied, theoretical and in terms of project, through a prototype, which is based on the influences of the Industrial Revolution and especially the Modern Movement, the period when the first housing projects following this construction system were made and where the steel structure was left in sight. The conjugation with the 'simplistic' modes of inhabiting present in the popular Portuguese architecture, taking advantage of the rehabilitation of ruins of houses made of schist as a structuring idea for the development of the project using the proposed dwelling modules in order to develop a conceptual and constructive process, connecting this way two distinct periods.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Habitação modular - Aspectos teóricos Habitação modular - Estruturas metálicas Habitação modular - Reabilitação de ruínas