| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.19 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Mundialmente, as Doenças Cardiovasculares são a principal causa de
mortalidade. A Doença Cardíaca Coronária é reconhecida como umas das principais Doenças
Cardiovasculares, sendo responsável por elevada morbi-mortalidade: 42% das mortes por
Doença Cardiovascular, em 2012.
Desse modo, o investimento em estratégias de prevenção primária e secundária assume um
papel preponderante para a redução da carga de doença e custos associados às Doenças
Cardiovasculares.
A literatura científica é clara no que toca ao papel do tabagismo ativo e do Fumo Ambiental
de Tabaco neste contexto, não só relativamente ao seu contributo para o aumento da
incidência de Doença Arterial Coronária e Síndrome Coronário Agudo, como também devido às
implicações prognósticas decorrentes da exposição a estes fatores de risco no doente
coronário.
Uma vez que a cessação tabágica e a evicção da exposição ao Fumo Ambiental de Tabaco se
encontram descritas pela literatura científica como das medidas mais custo-efetivas para o
prognóstico do doente coronário, a presente monografia pretende realizar uma revisão acerca
dos benefícios das diversas intervenções nesta área, bem como da sua inserção nos Programas
de Reabilitação Cardíaca.
Objetivo Geral: Revisão da evidência científica existente no que toca aos benefícios das
intervenções de cessação tabágica e das políticas livres de fumo nos pacientes com Doença
Cardíaca Coronária, inseridos nos Programas de Reabilitação Cardíaca.
Tipo de estudo: Monografia – Revisão Temática da Literatura Científica
Metodologia: A metodologia teve como base a pesquisa bibliográfica nas plataformas online
da American Heart Association (http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/), Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (http://www.cdc.gov/), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
(http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/), World Heart Federation (http://www.world-heartfederation.
org/), World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/en/); Direção Geral da
Saúde (https://www.dgs.pt/); bem como nas bases de dados PubMed
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/), MeSH (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/)
Medscape (http://www.medscape.com/), B-on (http://www.b-on.pt/) e Cochrane
(http://www.cochranelibrary.com/). Conclusões: A evidência científica demonstra que uma cessação tabágica bem-sucedida e a evicção da exposição ao Fumo Ambiental de Tabaco, apresentam um impacto considerável no prognóstico do doente coronário. Neste contexto, a sistematização de intervenções breves que englobem a abordagem do comportamento tabágico, os benefícios de deixar de fumar e a referenciação para intervenções intensivas de cessação tabágica, demonstram ser medidas custo-efetivas, devendo ser integradas na abordagem multidisciplinar dos Programas de Reabilitação Cardíaca. Para tal, e uma vez que se encontra comprovado que este tipo de atuação é escasso e insuficiente por parte dos profissionais de saúde, a presente monografia realça a necessidade da educação médica e formação pós-graduada nesta vertente.
Introduction: Worldwide, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Coronary Heart Disease is recognized as one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, contributing to 42% of mortality attributable to cardiovascular diseases in 2012. Thus, the primary and secondary Coronary Heart Disease prevention play a key role in reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases. The scientific evidence is clear regarding the role of smoking and second-hand tobacco smoke exposure: both increase the incidence of Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome and worsen the prognosis of Coronary Heart Disease patients. Smoking cessation and prevention of second-hand tobacco smoke are among the most cost-effective interventions regarding coronary patients. This study aims to review the benefits of smoking cessation and second-hand tobacco smoke prevention focusing in Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs. Main Objective: To perform a scientific literature review focusing on the benefits of smoking cessation and smoke free policies in patients with Coronary Heart Disease, and its importance on Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs. Type of study: Monograph - Thematic Review of Scientific Literature Methods: Literature research on the following: American Heart Association (http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (http://www.cdc.gov/), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/), World Heart Federation (http://www.world-heart-federation.org/), World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/en/); Direção Geral da Saúde (https://www.dgs.pt/); as well as on the next database searchers: PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/), MeSH (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/) Medscape (http://www.medscape.com/), B-on (http://www.b-on.pt/) e Cochrane (http://www.cochranelibrary.com/). Conclusions: Successful smoking cessation and prevention of second-hand tobacco smoke exposure have considerable impact on the prognosis of coronary patient. Systematic brief interventions regarding tobacco health hazards and the benefits of cessation and referral to intensive cessation support are significantly associated with increased quit rates. In addition, these interventions are very cost-effective. Smoking cessation should be integrated in multidisciplinary Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs. However, many studies show that this approach is seldom included in coronary care and in clinical practice. This monograph highlights the need for fostering medical education and postgraduate training in cessation skills in order to improve the prognosis of coronary patients.
Introduction: Worldwide, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Coronary Heart Disease is recognized as one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, contributing to 42% of mortality attributable to cardiovascular diseases in 2012. Thus, the primary and secondary Coronary Heart Disease prevention play a key role in reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases. The scientific evidence is clear regarding the role of smoking and second-hand tobacco smoke exposure: both increase the incidence of Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome and worsen the prognosis of Coronary Heart Disease patients. Smoking cessation and prevention of second-hand tobacco smoke are among the most cost-effective interventions regarding coronary patients. This study aims to review the benefits of smoking cessation and second-hand tobacco smoke prevention focusing in Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs. Main Objective: To perform a scientific literature review focusing on the benefits of smoking cessation and smoke free policies in patients with Coronary Heart Disease, and its importance on Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs. Type of study: Monograph - Thematic Review of Scientific Literature Methods: Literature research on the following: American Heart Association (http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (http://www.cdc.gov/), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/), World Heart Federation (http://www.world-heart-federation.org/), World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/en/); Direção Geral da Saúde (https://www.dgs.pt/); as well as on the next database searchers: PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/), MeSH (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/) Medscape (http://www.medscape.com/), B-on (http://www.b-on.pt/) e Cochrane (http://www.cochranelibrary.com/). Conclusions: Successful smoking cessation and prevention of second-hand tobacco smoke exposure have considerable impact on the prognosis of coronary patient. Systematic brief interventions regarding tobacco health hazards and the benefits of cessation and referral to intensive cessation support are significantly associated with increased quit rates. In addition, these interventions are very cost-effective. Smoking cessation should be integrated in multidisciplinary Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs. However, many studies show that this approach is seldom included in coronary care and in clinical practice. This monograph highlights the need for fostering medical education and postgraduate training in cessation skills in order to improve the prognosis of coronary patients.
Description
Keywords
Acute Coronary Syndrome Cardiac Rehabilitation Cardiovascular Disease Coronary Heart Disease Environmental Tobacco Smoke Second-Hand Tobacco Smoke Smoking Smoking Cessation