| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 414.84 KB | Adobe PDF |
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Tem-se assistido a um aumento exponencial das pessoas com 60 ou mais
anos, sobretudo nos países mais desenvolvidos. Com o aumento da esperança média de
vida e, consequentemente, aumento da prevalência das doenças crónicas, é expectável
um aumento de situações em que as pessoas terão de tomar decisões relativas aos
cuidados de saúde. A tomada de decisão em saúde é influenciada por aspetos pessoais e
relacionados com valores e preferências dos indivíduos. Este estudo pretende (1)
averiguar os aspetos mais valorizados pelas pessoas mais velhas quando tomam decisões
sobre a saúde e (2) analisar se existem diferenças quanto às preferências em saúde em
função de variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas.
Materiais e métodos: Participaram no estudo 234 participantes, 153 (65,38%) mulheres
e 81 (34,62%) homens, com idades entre os 60 e 98 anos (M = 70,68; DP = 7,57), que
responderam ao Questionário de Valores e Preferências em Saúde (QVP-Saúde),
composto por 4 dimensões (Envolvimento médico, Envolvimento familiar, Autonomia
na tomada de decisão e Preocupações acerca da dependência), e a um Questionário de
recolha de informação sociodemográfica e sobre o estado clínico, sob formato online ou
presencial.
Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que, em termos médios, quando tomam decisões
sobre a sua saúde, as pessoas valorizam mais a preocupação quanto à possibilidade de
dependência (M = 2,07; DP = 0,57). Observou-se que o aumento da idade se encontra
positivamente associado ao envolvimento da família (r = 0,292; p < 0,001), ao desejo de
manter a autonomia nos processos de decisão (r = 0,210; p = 0,001), bem como à
preocupação acerca da possibilidade de ficar dependente (r = 0,184; p = 0,005). Quanto
às mulheres, estas apresentaram, em média, maior desejo de Autonomia na tomada de
decisão (M = 7,17; DP = 2,41) e maior preocupação com a Dependência (M = 15,03; DP
= 3,75) do que os homens. Quanto à presença de patologias, os participantes com
morbilidades apresentaram pontuações mais elevadas no Envolvimento Familiar (t
(232) = -2,435; p = 0,016), na Autonomia (t (232) = -3,514; p = 0,001) e na Dependência
(t (232) = -2,246; p = 0,026). Quanto à escolaridade, os participantes com níveis de
escolaridade mais baixos valorizam um maior Envolvimento médico (M = 9,02; DP =
1,75) e Envolvimento Familiar (M = 6,42; DP = 3,62). Conclusão: O estudo revela que o QVP-Saúde pode ser usado com adultos mais velhos
para avaliar os valores e preferências dos indivíduos, permitindo, assim, uma medicina
centrada na pessoa, com maior sucesso terapêutico e humanização alertando para a as
diferenças que existem em função das variáveis sociodemográficas e do estado clínico do
indivíduo.
Introduction: There has been an exponential increase in people aged 60 and over, especially in the most developed countries. With the increase in average life expectancy and, consequently, the increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, an increase in situations in which people will have to make decisions regarding health care is expected. Decision-making in health is influenced by personal aspects and those related to individuals’ values and preferences. This study aims to (1) investigate the aspects most valued by older people when making health decisions and (2) analyze whether there are differences in health preferences depending on sociodemographic and clinical variables. Materials and methods: A total of 234 participants participated in the study, 153 (65,38%) women and 81 (34,62%) men, aged between 60 and 98 years (M = 70,68; SD = 7,57), who responded to the Health Values and Preferences Questionnaire (QVPHealth), composed of 4 dimensions (Medical involvement, Family involvement, Autonomy in decision-making and Concerns about dependence), and to a Questionnaire collecting sociodemographic information and information about the clinical status, in an online or in-person format. Results: The results indicated that, on average, when making decisions about their health, people place greater value on concern about the possibility of dependence (M = 2,07; SD = 0,57). It was observed that increasing age is positively associated with family involvement (r = 0,292; p < 0,001), the desire to maintain autonomy in decision-making processes (r = 0,210; p = 0,001), as well as concern about the possibility of becoming dependent (r = 0,184; p = 0,005). Women, on average, showed a greater desire for autonomy in decision-making (M = 7,17; SD = 2,41) and greater concern with dependence (M = 15,03; SD = 3,75) than men. Regarding the presence of pathologies, participants with morbidities presented higher scores in Family Involvement (t (232) = -2,435; p = 0,016), Autonomy (t (232) = -3,514; p = 0,001) and Dependence (t (232 ) = - 2,246; p = 0,026). Regarding education, participants with lower levels of education value more Medical Involvement (M = 9,02; SD = 1,75) and Family Involvement (M = 6,42; SD = 3,62). Conclusion: The study reveals that QVP-Health can be used with older adults to assess individuals' values and preferences, thus allowing for person-centered medicine, with greater therapeutic success and humanization, alerting to the differences that exist in function of sociodemographic variables and the individual's clinical status.
Introduction: There has been an exponential increase in people aged 60 and over, especially in the most developed countries. With the increase in average life expectancy and, consequently, the increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, an increase in situations in which people will have to make decisions regarding health care is expected. Decision-making in health is influenced by personal aspects and those related to individuals’ values and preferences. This study aims to (1) investigate the aspects most valued by older people when making health decisions and (2) analyze whether there are differences in health preferences depending on sociodemographic and clinical variables. Materials and methods: A total of 234 participants participated in the study, 153 (65,38%) women and 81 (34,62%) men, aged between 60 and 98 years (M = 70,68; SD = 7,57), who responded to the Health Values and Preferences Questionnaire (QVPHealth), composed of 4 dimensions (Medical involvement, Family involvement, Autonomy in decision-making and Concerns about dependence), and to a Questionnaire collecting sociodemographic information and information about the clinical status, in an online or in-person format. Results: The results indicated that, on average, when making decisions about their health, people place greater value on concern about the possibility of dependence (M = 2,07; SD = 0,57). It was observed that increasing age is positively associated with family involvement (r = 0,292; p < 0,001), the desire to maintain autonomy in decision-making processes (r = 0,210; p = 0,001), as well as concern about the possibility of becoming dependent (r = 0,184; p = 0,005). Women, on average, showed a greater desire for autonomy in decision-making (M = 7,17; SD = 2,41) and greater concern with dependence (M = 15,03; SD = 3,75) than men. Regarding the presence of pathologies, participants with morbidities presented higher scores in Family Involvement (t (232) = -2,435; p = 0,016), Autonomy (t (232) = -3,514; p = 0,001) and Dependence (t (232 ) = - 2,246; p = 0,026). Regarding education, participants with lower levels of education value more Medical Involvement (M = 9,02; SD = 1,75) and Family Involvement (M = 6,42; SD = 3,62). Conclusion: The study reveals that QVP-Health can be used with older adults to assess individuals' values and preferences, thus allowing for person-centered medicine, with greater therapeutic success and humanization, alerting to the differences that exist in function of sociodemographic variables and the individual's clinical status.
Description
Keywords
Adultos Mais Velhos Cuidados de Saúde Preferências na
Tomada de Decisão Questionário de Valores e Preferências em Saúde (Qvp-Saúde) Valores na Tomada de Decisão
