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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução:
A Síndrome de Burnout é um distúrbio psíquico caracterizado por uma exaustão extrema
a nível físico, emocional ou mental, que habitualmente surge devido ao acumulo de stress
e desgaste relacionado com o trabalho ou os estudos. Esta síndrome afeta a vida do
doente a todos os níveis e é o resultado direto da reunião excessiva de stress, tensão
emocional e trabalho.
Manifesta-se com mais frequência nos profissionais que têm que lidar com pressão e
responsabilidades constantes, como é o caso da área da medicina. Por esta razão, o
burnout é muito frequente ocorrer nestes estudantes, ainda antes da sua entrada na vida
profissional, o que pode ter graves consequências negativas na sua produtividade e
sucesso.
A saúde mental e emocional dos estudantes de medicina tem sido alvo de um crescente
estudo, que indica que a pressão e a cultura do perfecionismo em relação ao trabalho,
bem como o mundo competitivo que é o da medicina, têm impacto na saúde mental e
emocional dos alunos.
Objetivos:
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão de literatura sobre a prevalência
do burnout, da depressão, da ansiedade e do stress entre os estudantes de medicina,
assim como a sua repercussão e consequências no sucesso e rendimento escolar,
referindo diferentes métodos e estratégias, que possam prevenir o desenvolvimento
desta patologia na população referida. É também objetivo perceber o impacto que a
pandemia COVID 19 pode ter no desencadear e agravamento de situações de burnout
nestes estudantes.
Métodos:
Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura na base de dados da PubMed e na plataforma de
referenciação bibliográfica Mendeley, com base nas seguintes palavras-chave:
“Burnout”; “Medical Students”; “Anxiety”; “Depression”; “Stress”. Foram incluídos
livros e documentos, ensaios clínicos, revisões simples e sistemáticas e meta-análises,
num total de 47 referências bibliográficas. Resultados/Desenvolvimento:
Os estudos realizados acerca da síndrome de burnout em estudantes de medicina têm
tido como foco o seu impacto na saúde, percurso académico e posterior desempenho
profissional. Para além disso, relatam também os fatores de risco, os fatores protetores,
os efeitos da pandemia COVID-19 nos estudantes de medicina e as estratégias que devem
ser adotadas, tanto pelas instituições de ensino como pelos alunos, para prevenir essa
mesma síndrome.
Conclusões:
A síndrome de burnout nos estudantes de medicina é uma realidade atual e tem diversas
implicações negativas na sua prática futura. Por essa mesma razão, é necessário travar o
problema precocemente e para isso é preciso o reconhecimento dos sintomas e
consciencializar os alunos de que é importante procurar ajuda. Abordar os fatores de
risco é crucial para que se possa melhorar a gestão do stress, aumentar a resiliência, e
ampliar os sentimentos de conquista pessoal.
Introduction: The Burnout Syndrome is a psychic disorder characterized by an extreme physical, emotional or mental exhaustion, which is usually caused by the build-up of stress and wear related with work or studies. This syndrome affects the patient's life at every level and it is the direct result of the excessive cumulation of stress, emotional tension and work. It manifests itself more frequently among professionals who have to deal with pression and constant responsibilities, such as the case of the medicine field. For this reason, the burnout occurs very often in medical school students, even before starting their professional life, which may lead to serious consequences in their productivity and success. The mental and emotional health of med students have been a growing object of study, pointing to the fact that pression and the perfectionist culture regarding work, in addition to the competitive world of medicine, do have impact on the students' mental and emotional health. This work, thereby, aims to characterize the problem, to determine its causes and consequences and how to prevent it. Aims: This thesis aims to demonstrate the prevalence of burnout, depression, anxiety and stress among medical students, as well as its repercussion and consequences in their success and performance. Besides, it considers the adoption of different methods and strategies to prevent the burnout development. Methods: It was carried out a review of literature on the PubMed database as well as on the Mendeley platform of bibliographic referencing, using the following keywords: "Burnout", "Medical Students", "Anxiety", "Depression", "Stress". After that, books and documents were included, together with clinical trials, simple and systematic reviews and meta-analyses, in a total number of 47 bibliographic references. Results/Development: The studies carried out regarding the burnout syndrome have focused towards its impact on medical students' health, academic career and professional performance. Besides that, they also refer the risk factors, protection factors, effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students and strategies which should be adopted, both by education institutions and students, as a means to prevent this very syndrome. Conclusion: The burnout syndrome in medical school students is a today's reality and has several negative implications in their future practice. For this same reason, this problem must be stopped at an early stage and for that it is necessary to recognize the symptoms and lead students to the awareness that it is important to seek help. Approaching the risk factors is crucial to be able to improve the stress management, increase resilience and broaden the feeling of personal achievement.
Introduction: The Burnout Syndrome is a psychic disorder characterized by an extreme physical, emotional or mental exhaustion, which is usually caused by the build-up of stress and wear related with work or studies. This syndrome affects the patient's life at every level and it is the direct result of the excessive cumulation of stress, emotional tension and work. It manifests itself more frequently among professionals who have to deal with pression and constant responsibilities, such as the case of the medicine field. For this reason, the burnout occurs very often in medical school students, even before starting their professional life, which may lead to serious consequences in their productivity and success. The mental and emotional health of med students have been a growing object of study, pointing to the fact that pression and the perfectionist culture regarding work, in addition to the competitive world of medicine, do have impact on the students' mental and emotional health. This work, thereby, aims to characterize the problem, to determine its causes and consequences and how to prevent it. Aims: This thesis aims to demonstrate the prevalence of burnout, depression, anxiety and stress among medical students, as well as its repercussion and consequences in their success and performance. Besides, it considers the adoption of different methods and strategies to prevent the burnout development. Methods: It was carried out a review of literature on the PubMed database as well as on the Mendeley platform of bibliographic referencing, using the following keywords: "Burnout", "Medical Students", "Anxiety", "Depression", "Stress". After that, books and documents were included, together with clinical trials, simple and systematic reviews and meta-analyses, in a total number of 47 bibliographic references. Results/Development: The studies carried out regarding the burnout syndrome have focused towards its impact on medical students' health, academic career and professional performance. Besides that, they also refer the risk factors, protection factors, effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students and strategies which should be adopted, both by education institutions and students, as a means to prevent this very syndrome. Conclusion: The burnout syndrome in medical school students is a today's reality and has several negative implications in their future practice. For this same reason, this problem must be stopped at an early stage and for that it is necessary to recognize the symptoms and lead students to the awareness that it is important to seek help. Approaching the risk factors is crucial to be able to improve the stress management, increase resilience and broaden the feeling of personal achievement.
Description
Keywords
Ansiedade Burnout Depressão Estudantes de Medicina Stress