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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O envelhecimento da população está associado ao aumento no número de
centenários. Surge, assim, o interesse em estudar este grupo etário para identificação e
compreensão de fatores e dinâmicas associados à longevidade. Entre os vários temas
estudados nos centenários, encontra-se o estudo das causas de morte, que permite dirigir e
antecipar os cuidados de fim de vida nesta faixa etária.
Objetivos: Este estudo enquadrou-se no projeto PT 100 BI - Estudo dos Centenários da Beira
Interior, estudo satélite do projeto PT 100 - Estudo dos Centenários do Porto e pretendeu: (1)
identificar as causas de morte dos centenários participantes no estudo PT 100 BI e (2)
descrever as condições e circunstâncias de morte: idade; local; internamentos; agravamento
ou não da situação clínica antes de morrer; local onde residia, grau de autonomia e estado
cognitivo um mês antes de morrer.
Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo. Foram contactados telefonicamente familiares
e/ou técnicos de instituições residenciais para pessoas idosas dos 101 participantes do estudo
PT 100 BI, tendo sido possível recolher dados em relação a 81 centenários (69 mulheres e 12
homens). Para a entrevista telefónica foi desenvolvido um protocolo com questões relativas
às causas de morte e fatores relacionados.
Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que 60 participantes (74,1%) morreram de causa
indeterminada, 10 (12,3%) morreram de problemas respiratórios, 5 (6,2%) morreram de
problemas cardiovasculares, 2 (2,5%) morreram por falência multiorgânica, 2 (2,5%) morreram
de sequelas de traumatismos osteoarticulares, 1 (1,2%) morreu de agravamento da doença
renal e 1 (1,2%) morreu de sequelas cirúrgicas. A maioria dos participantes, ou seja, 49
centenários (64,5%) viviam em IRPI um mês antes de morrer. Constatou-se que 44 (54,3%)
centenários faleceram num IRPI, 25 (30,9%) centenários no domicílio e 12 (14,8%) pelo
hospital. A maior parte dos centenários (43 participantes, 58,1%) não era autónomo um mês
antes de morrer. 68 centenários (90,7%) não tinham demência. Foi relatado um agravamento
do estado geral de saúde antes de morrer em 32 participantes (71,1%). Estiveram internados
no hospital, antes de morrer, 13 centenários (21,7%) comparativamente com 47 não
internados (78,3%).
Conclusão: Esta investigação revela que a maioria dos centenários morrem por causa
indeterminada, maioritariamente em IRPI ou domicílios. Este estudo alerta para a
importância de promover cuidados específicos dirigidos a este grupo e para a necessidade de
manter o melhor nível de cuidados até ao fim de vida daqueles que morrem sem causa
identificada. É ainda de extrema importância estudar os fatores biopsicossociais relacionados com esta faixa etária para assim dirigir e melhorar os cuidados de saúde e assistenciais
prestados, com o objetivo de promover a qualidade de vida e saúde.
Introduction: The aging of the population is associated with the increase in the number of centenarians. Thus, there is an interest in studying this age group to identify and understand factors and dynamics associated with longevity. Among the various topics studied in the centenarians is the study of the causes of death, which allows directing and anticipating endof-life care in this age group. Objectives: This study was part of the project PT 100 BI - Centenary Study of Beira Interior, satellite study of the project PT 100 - Centenary Study of Porto and intended: (1) to identify the causes of death of the centenarians participating in the study PT 100 BI and (2) describe the conditions and circumstances of death: age; place; hospitalizations; worsening or not of the clinical situation before death; place of residence, degree of autonomy and cognitive status one month before death. Methods: This is a descriptive study. Family members and/or technicians from residential institutions for the elderly of the 101 participants in the PT 100 BI study who were contacted by telephone, and it was possible to collect data from 81 centenarians (69 women and 12 men). For the telephone interview, a protocol was developed with questions related to the causes of death and related factors. Results: The results indicated that 60 participants (74.1%) died of undetermined cause, 10 (12.3%) died of respiratory problems, 5 (6.2%) died of cardiovascular problems, 2 (2.5%) died of multi-organ failure, 2 (2.5%) died of sequelae from osteoarticular injuries, 1 (1.2%) died of worsening kidney disease and 1 (1.2%) died of surgical sequelae. Most of the participants, that is, 49 centenarians (64.5%) lived in IRPI one month before they died. It was found that 44 (54.3%) centenarians died in an IRPI, 25 (30.9%) centenarians at home and 12 (14.8%) at the hospital. Most centenarians (43 participants, 58.1%) were not self-employed a month before they died. 68 centenarians (90.7%) had no dementia. Worsening of general health before death was reported in 32 participants (71.1%). 13 centenarians (21.7%) were admitted to the hospital before dying, compared to 47 not hospitalized (78.3%). Conclusion: This research reveals that most centenarians die from undetermined causes, mostly in IRPI or households. This study warns us of the importance of promoting targeted care for this group and of the need to maintain the best end-of-life care for those who die without an identified cause. It is also extremely important to study the biopsychosocial factors related to this age group in order to direct and improve the health care and assistance provided, with the aim of promoting the quality of life and health.
Introduction: The aging of the population is associated with the increase in the number of centenarians. Thus, there is an interest in studying this age group to identify and understand factors and dynamics associated with longevity. Among the various topics studied in the centenarians is the study of the causes of death, which allows directing and anticipating endof-life care in this age group. Objectives: This study was part of the project PT 100 BI - Centenary Study of Beira Interior, satellite study of the project PT 100 - Centenary Study of Porto and intended: (1) to identify the causes of death of the centenarians participating in the study PT 100 BI and (2) describe the conditions and circumstances of death: age; place; hospitalizations; worsening or not of the clinical situation before death; place of residence, degree of autonomy and cognitive status one month before death. Methods: This is a descriptive study. Family members and/or technicians from residential institutions for the elderly of the 101 participants in the PT 100 BI study who were contacted by telephone, and it was possible to collect data from 81 centenarians (69 women and 12 men). For the telephone interview, a protocol was developed with questions related to the causes of death and related factors. Results: The results indicated that 60 participants (74.1%) died of undetermined cause, 10 (12.3%) died of respiratory problems, 5 (6.2%) died of cardiovascular problems, 2 (2.5%) died of multi-organ failure, 2 (2.5%) died of sequelae from osteoarticular injuries, 1 (1.2%) died of worsening kidney disease and 1 (1.2%) died of surgical sequelae. Most of the participants, that is, 49 centenarians (64.5%) lived in IRPI one month before they died. It was found that 44 (54.3%) centenarians died in an IRPI, 25 (30.9%) centenarians at home and 12 (14.8%) at the hospital. Most centenarians (43 participants, 58.1%) were not self-employed a month before they died. 68 centenarians (90.7%) had no dementia. Worsening of general health before death was reported in 32 participants (71.1%). 13 centenarians (21.7%) were admitted to the hospital before dying, compared to 47 not hospitalized (78.3%). Conclusion: This research reveals that most centenarians die from undetermined causes, mostly in IRPI or households. This study warns us of the importance of promoting targeted care for this group and of the need to maintain the best end-of-life care for those who die without an identified cause. It is also extremely important to study the biopsychosocial factors related to this age group in order to direct and improve the health care and assistance provided, with the aim of promoting the quality of life and health.
Description
Keywords
Causas de Morte Centenários Envelhecimento Longevidade Pt100 Pt100bi